Unit 31: I wish / If only
Ngữ pháp I wish / If only
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
I wish / If only + quá khứ đơn
Hình thức: I wish / If only + past simple. Cách dùng: nói về ước muốn cho tình huống ở hiện tại mà ta muốn khác đi (thực tế thì ngược lại). Ví dụ: I wish I had a car. (thực tế là không có xe).
Với động từ be, có thể dùng were cho mọi ngôi (trang trọng) hoặc was cho I/he/she/it (thân mật): I wish I were/was taller.
I wish / If only + quá khứ hoàn thành
Hình thức: I wish / If only + past perfect (had + V3). Cách dùng: diễn tả sự tiếc nuối về quá khứ, điều ta muốn đã khác đi. Ví dụ: I wish I had studied harder. (tiếc vì đã không học chăm).
I wish / If only + would
Hình thức: I wish / If only + would + động từ nguyên mẫu. Cách dùng: phàn nàn về một tình huống hiện tại hoặc mong muốn điều gì đó thay đổi. Ví dụ: I wish it would stop raining.
Lưu ý: không dùng would với I hay we; thay bằng quá khứ đơn. Sai: I wish I would be taller. Đúng: I wish I were/was taller.
Theory
I wish / If only + past simple
| Form | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I wish / If only + past simple | To talk about present situations we would like to be different |
I wish I had a car. (= I don't have a car, but I want one.) If only I lived closer to the beach. (= I don't live close to the beach.) |
✓ I wish I were taller. (more formal)
✓ I wish I was taller. (less formal)
I wish / If only + past perfect
| Form | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I wish / If only + past perfect | To express regrets about the past; things we would like to have been different |
I wish I had studied harder. (= I didn't study hard enough and I regret it.) If only I hadn't said that! (= I said it and I regret it.) |
I wish / If only + would
| Form | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I wish / If only + would + bare infinitive | To complain about a present situation or to say we want something to change |
I wish it would stop raining. (= I want the rain to stop, but it won't.) If only you would listen to me! (= You don't listen to me and it annoys me.) |
✗ I wish I would be taller.
✓ I wish I were / was taller.
Exercise A
Read each sentence and circle the correct meaning.
Exercise B
Complete using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Exercise C
Rewrite the sentences using I wish or If only.
I wish …
If only …
I wish …
If only …
I wish …
I wish …
Exercise D
Circle the correct word or phrase.
Exercise E
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write no more than three words.
I wish I __________ harder.
I wish I __________ a dog.
I wish my brother __________ his music so loudly.
If only I __________ drive.
I wish I __________ at you.
If only we __________ so far from the beach.
Exercise F
Complete each sentence with one word.
