Unit 39: Laughing and crying
Từ vựng Laughing and crying
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Cảm xúc và tính cách (Laughing and crying)
Bài này gom các từ nói về cảm xúc và tính cách: calm (điềm tĩnh), miserable/depressed (buồn bã, chán nản), glad (vui), upset/hurt (buồn/tổn thương), shy (nhút nhát), rude/polite (bất lịch sự/lịch sự), naughty (nghịch ngợm), enthusiastic (hăng hái), sense of humour (khiếu hài hước).
Cụm động từ (phrasal verbs)
Học thuộc nghĩa: calm down (bình tĩnh lại), cheer up (vui lên), shut up (im lặng), speak up (nói to hơn), hang on (chờ chút), go on (tiếp tục), run away (bỏ chạy), come on (nhanh lên).
Cụm giới từ & cấu tạo từ
Ghi nhớ cụm cố định: at first (lúc đầu), at least (ít nhất), at times (đôi khi), in secret (bí mật), in spite of (mặc dù), in tears (khóc). Chú ý biến đổi từ: happy → happiness, excite → excitement, emotion → emotional, noise → noisy.
Từ đi với giới từ
Tính từ + giới từ: scared/frightened of, nervous about, surprised at/by, ashamed of, tired of, sorry about/for. Động từ: laugh at (cười nhạo), congratulate sb on (chúc mừng ai về việc gì).
Theory
Topic vocabulary
| amusing (adj) | embarrassing (n) | react (v) |
| annoy (v) | emotion (n) | regret (v, n) |
| attitude (n) | enthusiastic (adj) | ridiculous (adj) |
| bad-tempered (adj) | feeling (n) | romantic (adj) |
| behave (v) | glad (adj) | rude (adj) |
| bully (v, n) | hurt (v, adj) | sense of humour (n phr) |
| calm (adj) | miserable (adj) | shy (adj) |
| celebrate (v) | naughty (adj) | stress (n) |
| character (n) | noisy (adj) | tell a joke (v phr) |
| depressed (adj) | polite (adj) | upset (v, adj) |
Phrasal verbs
| Phrasal verb | Meaning |
|---|---|
| calm down | become/make calmer |
| cheer up | become/make happier |
| come on | be quicker |
| go on | continue happening or doing sth |
| hang on | wait |
| run away (from) | escape by running |
| shut up | stop talking, stop making a noise |
| speak up | talk more loudly so sb can hear you |
Prepositional phrases
Word formation
| Base word | Derived forms |
|---|---|
| bore | boring, bored |
| comedy | comedian |
| emotion | emotional |
| energy | energetic |
| excite | excitement, exciting, excited |
| feel | felt, feeling(s) |
| happy | unhappy, (un)happiness |
| hate | hatred |
| noise | noisy, noisily |
| sympathy | sympathise, sympathetic |
Word patterns
| Type | Patterns |
|---|---|
| adjectives | ashamed of • embarrassed about • frightened of • happy about/with • nervous about • scared of • sorry about/for • surprised at/by • tired of |
| verbs | congratulate sb on • laugh at |
| nouns | a joke about |
Exercise A — Topic vocabulary (Crossword)
Complete the crossword. Write the missing word for each clue.
Across
Down
Exercise B — Topic vocabulary
Match to make dialogues. Write the letter (A–G).
B 'I know. She always makes me laugh.'
C 'Well, maybe I should apologise, then.'
D 'Maybe she's had some bad news.'
E 'I think it's because she's won some money.'
F 'Yes. She's definitely angry about something.'
G 'Yes, she always says "thank you".'
Exercise C — Topic vocabulary
Circle the correct word.
Exercise D — Phrasal verbs
Complete using a phrasal verb in the correct form to replace the words in bold.
Exercise E — Prepositional phrases
Complete using the phrases in the box.
Exercise F — Word formation
Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
Charlie ChaplinDuring the First World War, at a time when there was lots of (1) __________ in the world, one man did more than anyone else to spread (2) __________. That man was the (3) __________, Charlie Chaplin. Audiences around the world watched his films and each new one caused a lot of (4) __________. Chaplin created the character of the little tramp and people (5) __________ with this poor man. Up until then, film comedies had been (6) __________ and very fast. Although they were fun and (7) __________, the audiences became (8) __________ with seeing the same situations. Chaplin produced a different kind of comedy. It was slower and more (9) __________. His films both made people laugh and touched their (10) __________. Even today, his films are enjoyed by many people of all ages.
Exercise G — Word patterns
Write one word in each gap.
Hans: Hello?
Sam: Hans? It's Sam.
Hans: Oh, hi, Sam! How are you?
Sam: I was thinking about the exam next week. I'm a bit nervous (1) __________ it, to be honest.
Hans: So am I. But you? I'm surprised (2) __________ that. I thought you studied a lot.
Sam: I do. But my parents put so much pressure on me that I'm scared (3) __________ failing.
Hans: I don't think you should be frightened (4) __________ failure. Just you wait. In a month's time, I'll be congratulating you (5) __________ passing with flying colours!
Sam: I guess you're right. I'm sure I'll look back and laugh (6) __________ myself. Anyway, what have you been doing today?
Hans: Me? Oh, you know, a bit of revision...
Exercise H — Word patterns
Each of the words in bold is wrong. Write the correct word.
