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Tasmanian Tiger: Sighting Controversy – IELTS Reading

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Đề đọc IELTS Reading “Tasmanian Tiger: Sighting Controversy” – Hổ Tasmania: Tranh cãi quanh những lần nhìn thấy. Gồm 13 câu (điền từ, nối thông tin, trắc…

IELTS Academic Reading 13 câu hỏi

Cách làm bài

Điền từ (completion)

  • Tuân thủ giới hạn số từ của đề (ví dụ “NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS”). Vượt quá là sai.
  • Chép chính xác từ trong bài, đúng chính tả và đúng dạng (số ít/nhiều, thì).
  • Dự đoán LOẠI TỪ cần điền (danh từ, động từ, số…) dựa vào ngữ pháp của chỗ trống trước khi tìm.

Nối (matching)

  • Đọc kỹ vế/đề đã cho, tìm trong bài đoạn nói cùng nội dung — đáp án thường được diễn đạt lại bằng từ đồng nghĩa.
  • Với nối phần kết câu: ghép sao cho câu hoàn chỉnh vừa đúng NGHĨA vừa đúng NGỮ PHÁP.
  • Loại trừ dần các lựa chọn đã dùng; đọc lướt cả danh sách trước khi quyết định để tránh chọn trùng.

Trắc nghiệm A/B/C/D

  • Đọc kỹ câu hỏi trước, xác định nó hỏi ý chính hay chi tiết, rồi quay lại đúng đoạn.
  • Đọc HẾT bốn phương án; loại dần phương án sai để tăng xác suất đúng.
  • Bẫy thường gặp: phương án dùng đúng từ trong bài nhưng sai ý, hoặc đúng một nửa. Đáp án đúng thường là cách diễn đạt lại (paraphrase).

Chung

  • Không đọc kỹ toàn bài trước — đọc lướt lấy ý, rồi dùng câu hỏi dẫn đường (scan/skim).
  • Quản lý thời gian: mỗi bài đọc ~20 phút. Câu khó thì đánh dấu, làm tiếp rồi quay lại.

Tasmanian Tiger: Sighting Controversy

A. Although it was called tiger, it looked like a dog with black stripes on its hack and it was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modern times. Yet, despite its fame for being one of the most fabled animals in the world, it is one of the least understood of Tasmania's native animals. The scientific name for the Tasmanian tiger is Thylacine and it is believed that they have become extinct in the 20th century.

B. Fossils of thylacines dating from about almost 12 million years ago have been dug up at various places in Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia. They were widespread in Australia 7,000 years ago, but have probably been extinct on the continent for 2,000 years ago. This is believed to be because of the introduction of dingoes around 8,000 years ago. Because of disease, thylacine numbers may have been declining in Tasmania at the time of European settlement 200 years ago, but the decline was certainly accelerated by the new arrivals. The last known Titsmanijin Tiger died in Hobart Zoo in 1936 and the animal is officially classified as extinct. Technically, this means that it has not been officially sighted in the wild or captivity for 50 years. However, there are still unsubstantiated sightings.

C. Hans Naarding, whose study of animals had taken him around the world, was conducting a survey of a species of endangered migratory bird. The cat he saw that night is now regarded as the most credible sighting recorded of thylacine that many believe has been extinct for more than 70 years.

D. "I had to work at night." Naarding takes up the story. "I was in the habit of intermittently shining a spotlight around. The beam fell on an animal in front of the vehicle, less than 10m away. Instead of risking movement by grabbing for a camera, I decided to register very carefully what I was seeing. The animal was about the size of a small shepherd dog, a very healthy male in prime condition. What set it apart from a dog, though, was a slightly sloping hindquarter, with a fairly thick tail being a straight continuation of the backline of the animal. It had 12 distinct stripes on its back, continuing onto its butt. I knew perfectly well what I was seeing. As soon as I reached for the camera, it disappeared into the tea-tree undergrowth and scrub."

E. The director of Tasmania's National Parks at the time, Peter Morrow, decided in his wisdom to keep Naarding's sighting of the thylacine secret for two years. When the news finally broke, it was accompanied by pandemonium. "I was besieged by television crews, including four to five from Japan, and others from the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand and South America," said Naarding.

F. Government and private search parties combed the region, but no further sightings were made. The tiger, as always, had escaped to its lair, a place many insist exists only in our imagination. But since then, the thylacine has staged something of a comeback, becoming part of Australian mythology.

G. There have been more than 4,000 claimed sightings of the beast since it supposedly died out, and the average claims each year reported to authorities now number 150. Associate professor of zoology at the University of Tasmania, Randolph Rose, has said he dreams of seeing a thylacine. But Rose, who in his 35 years in Tasmanian academia has fielded countless reports of thylacine sightings, is now convinced that his dream will go unfulfilled.

H. "The consensus among conservationists is that usually; any animal with a population base of less than 1,000 is headed for extinction within 60 years," says Rose. "Sixty years ago, there was only one thylacine that we know of, and that was in Hobart Zoo," he says.

I. Dr. David Pemberton, curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, whose PhD thesis was on the thylacine, says that despite scientific thinking that 500 animals are required to sustain a population, the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals and, while it does have some inbreeding problems, is still ticking along. "I'll take a punt and say that, if we manage to find a thylacine in the scrub, it means that there are 50-plus animals out there."

J. After all, animals can be notoriously elusive. The strange fish is known as the coelacanth' with its "proto-legs", was thought to have died out along with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the south-east coast of South Africa in 1938.

K. Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all "sightings" of the tiger totaling 4,000 since the mid-1980s, and averaging about 150 a year. It was Mooney who was first consulted late last month about the authenticity of digital photographic images purportedly taken by a German tourist while on a recent bushwalk in the state. On face value, Mooney says, the account... amount to one of the most convincing cases for the species' survival he has seen.

L. And Mooney has seen it all – the mistakes, the hoaxes, the illusions and the plausible accounts of sightings. Hoaxers aside, most people who report sightings end up believing they have been a thylacine, and are themselves believable to the point they could pass a lie-detector test, according to Mooney. Others, having tabled a creditable report, then become utterly obsessed like the Tasmanian who has registered 99 thylacine sightings to date.

Mooney has seen individuals bankrupted by the obsession, and families destroyed. "It is a blind optimism that something is, rather than a cynicism that something isn't," Mooney says. "If something crosses the road, it's not a case of 'I wonder what that was?' Rather, it is a case of 'that's a thylacine!' It is a bit like a gold prospector's blind faith, 'it has got to be there'."

M. However, Mooney treats all reports on face value. "I never try to embarrass people or make fools of them. But the fact that I don't pack the car immediately they ring can often be taken as ridicule. Obsessive characters get irate that someone in my position is not out there when they think the thylacine is there."

N. But Hans Naarding... remains bemused by the time and money people waste on tiger searches. He says resources would be better applied to save the Tasmanian devil... and helping migratory bird populations that are declining as a result of shrinking wetlands across Australia.

O. Could the thylacine still be out there? "Sure," Naarding says. But he also says any discovery of surviving thylacines would be "rather pointless". "How do you save a species from extinction? What could you do with it? If there are thylacines out there, they are better off right where they are."

Questions 14–17

Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. The Tasmanian tiger, also called thylacine, resembles the look of a dog and has (14) ____ on its fur coat. Many fossils have been found, showing that thylacines had existed as early as (15) ____ years ago. They lived throughout (16) ____ before disappearing from the mainland. And soon after the (17) ____ settlers arrived the size of the thylacine population in Tasmania shrunk at a higher speed.

14

The Tasmanian tiger, also called thylacine, resembles the look of a dog and has (14) ____ on its fur coat.

15

Many fossils have been found, showing that thylacines had existed as early as (15) ____ years ago.

16

They lived throughout (16) ____ before disappearing from the mainland.

17

And soon after the (17) ____ settlers arrived the size of the thylacine population in Tasmania shrunk at a higher speed.

Questions 18–23

Look at the following statements (Questions 18–23) and the list of people below, match each statement with the correct person A, B, C or D. NB You may use any letter more than once.

A. Hans Naarding B. Randolph Rose C. David Pemberton D. Nick Mooney
18

His report of seeing a live thylacine in the wild attracted international interest.

19

Many eye-witnesses' reports are not trustworthy.

20

It doesn't require a certain number of animals to ensure the survival of a species.

21

There is no hope of finding a surviving Tasmanian tiger.

22

Do not disturb them if there are any Tasmanian tigers still living today.

23

The interpretation of evidence can be affected by people's beliefs.

Questions 24–26

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

24

Hans Naarding's sighting has resulted in

25

The example of the coelacanth is to illustrate

26

Mooney believes that all sighting reports should be

Từ vựng 73 từ

  • /ˈθaɪləsiːn/
    hổ Tasmania (tên khoa học)
  • /kɑːrˈnɪvərəs mɑːrˈsuːpiəl/
    thú có túi ăn thịt
  • /ˈfeɪbəld/
    nổi tiếng, được kể trong truyền thuyết
  • /liːst ˌʌndərˈstʊd/
    ít được hiểu rõ nhất
  • /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
    tuyệt chủng
  • /ˈfɒsəlz/
    hóa thạch
  • /dʌɡ ʌp/
    được đào lên
  • /ˈwaɪdˌsprɛd/
    lan rộng
  • /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən əv ˈdɪŋɡəʊz/
    sự du nhập chó Dingo
  • /ˌjʊərəˈpiːən ˈsɛtlmənt/
    sự định cư của người châu Âu
  • /əkˈsɛləreɪtɪd/
    được tăng tốc
  • /əˈfɪʃəli ˈklæsɪfaɪd/
    được phân loại chính thức
  • /əˈfɪʃəli ˈsaɪtɪd/
    được nhìn thấy chính thức
  • /ˌʌnsəbˈstænʃieɪtɪd/
    không có cơ sở, không được chứng thực
  • /ˈkrɛdəbl ˈsaɪtɪŋ/
    lần nhìn thấy đáng tin cậy
  • /ɪnˈdeɪndʒərd ˈmaɪɡrətəri bɜːrd/
    chim di trú có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
  • /ˌɪntərˈmɪtəntli/
    không liên tục
  • /ˈspɒtˌlaɪt/
    đèn pha
  • /ˈrɛdʒɪstər ˈvɛri ˈkɛrfəli/
    ghi nhận rất cẩn thận
  • /praɪm kənˈdɪʃən/
    tình trạng tốt nhất
  • /ˈsləʊpɪŋ ˈhaɪndˌkwɔːrtər/
    phần sau hơi dốc
  • /dɪˈstɪŋkt straɪps/
    các sọc rõ ràng
  • /ˈʌndərˌɡrəʊθ ənd skrʌb/
    cây bụi thấp
  • /ˈsiːkrɪt fər tuː jɪərz/
    giữ bí mật hai năm
  • /ˌpændɪˈməʊniəm/
    sự hỗn loạn, náo động
  • /bɪˈsiːdʒd/
    bị bao vây
  • /sɜːrtʃ ˈpɑːrtiz/
    đội tìm kiếm
  • /kəʊmd ðə ˈriːdʒən/
    lùng sục khu vực
  • /ɪˈskeɪpt tuː ɪts lɛər/
    trốn thoát vào hang của nó
  • /ˈkʌmbæk/
    sự trở lại
  • /ɔːˈstreɪliən mɪˈθɒlədʒi/
    thần thoại Úc
  • /kleɪmd ˈsaɪtɪŋz/
    các báo cáo nhìn thấy được tuyên bố
  • /ˈfiːldɪd ˈkaʊntləs rɪˈpɔːrts/
    xử lý vô số báo cáo
  • /ɡəʊ ˌʌnfʊlˈfɪld/
    không được thực hiện
  • /kənˈsɛnsəs/
    sự đồng thuận
  • /ˌpɒpjəˈleɪʃən beɪs/
    cơ sở quần thể
  • /ˈhɛdɪd fər ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
    đang trên đà tuyệt chủng
  • /ˌɪnbriːdɪŋ ˈprɒbləmz/
    các vấn đề giao phối cận huyết
  • /ˈtɪkɪŋ əˈlɒŋ/
    vẫn hoạt động tốt
  • /teɪk ə pʌnt/
    đánh cược, thử vận may
  • /nəʊˈtɔːriəsli ɪˈluːsɪv/
    nổi tiếng khó nắm bắt
  • /ˈsiːləkænθ/
    cá vây tay
  • /θɔːt tuː hæv daɪd aʊt/
    được cho là đã tuyệt chủng
  • /ˈprəʊtəʊ lɛɡz/
    chân nguyên thủy
  • /dræɡd tuː ðə ˈsɜːrfɪs/
    bị kéo lên bề mặt
  • /ʃɑːrk nɛt/
    lưới bắt cá mập
  • /ʌnˈɛnviəbl tɑːsk/
    nhiệm vụ không mấy dễ chịu
  • /ˌɔːθɛnˈtɪsəti/
    tính xác thực
  • /ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˌfəʊtəˈɡræfɪk ˈɪmɪdʒɪz/
    hình ảnh kỹ thuật số
  • /pərˈpɔːrtɪdli/
    được cho là
  • /ˈbʊʃwɔːk/
    đi bộ trong rừng
  • /ɒn feɪs ˈvæljuː/
    theo giá trị bề ngoài
  • /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ˈkeɪsɪz/
    các trường hợp thuyết phục
  • /ˈplɔːzəbl əˈkaʊnts/
    những tường thuật hợp lý
  • /ˈlaɪ dɪˌtɛktər tɛst/
    kiểm tra máy phát hiện nói dối
  • /ˈʌtərli əbˈsɛst/
    hoàn toàn bị ám ảnh
  • /ˈbæŋkrʌptɪd/
    bị phá sản
  • /blaɪnd ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/
    sự lạc quan mù quáng
  • /ˈsɪnɪsɪzəm/
    sự hoài nghi
  • /ɡəʊld ˈprɒspɛktərz blaɪnd feɪθ/
    niềm tin mù quáng của người tìm vàng
  • /triːts ɔːl rɪˈpɔːrts ɒn feɪs ˈvæljuː/
    coi tất cả báo cáo theo giá trị bề ngoài
  • /ɪmˈbærəs/
    làm xấu hổ
  • /meɪk fuːlz əv ðəm/
    biến họ thành trò hề
  • /ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/
    sự chế giễu
  • /əbˈsɛsɪv ˈkærɪktərz/
    những người có tính cách ám ảnh
  • /aɪˈreɪt/
    tức giận
  • /bɪˈmjuːzd/
    bối rối, ngơ ngác
  • /rɪˈsɔːrsɪz wʊd biː ˈbɛtər əˈplaɪd/
    tài nguyên nên được áp dụng tốt hơn
  • /tæzˈmeɪniən ˈdɛvl/
    quỷ Tasmania
  • /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/
    đang suy giảm
  • /ˈʃrɪŋkɪŋ ˈwɛtlændz/
    vùng đất ngập nước đang thu hẹp
  • /ˈrɑːðər ˈpɔɪntləs/
    khá vô nghĩa
  • /ˈbɛtər ɒf raɪt wɛər ðeɪ ɑːr/
    tốt hơn hết là ở nguyên vị trí

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