It's not very good __________________ to eat with your mouth open, Timothy.
Unit 18: Reactions and Health
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề bài này gồm hai mảng từ vựng nâng cao: phản ứng cảm xúc/hành vi con người và sức khoẻ, y tế. Nắm chắc collocation và phrasal verb sẽ giúp diễn đạt tự nhiên như người bản xứ.
Từ chỉ phản ứng và cảm xúc
Các động từ miêu tả sắc thái nhỏ: giggle/chuckle (cười khúc khích/cười thầm), sulk (giận dỗi), gloat (đắc ý hả hê), grimace (nhăn mặt), mock/ridicule (chế nhạo), fume (sôi máu). Tính từ mạnh: livid (giận tím mặt), indignant (phẫn nộ chính đáng), apathy/indifference (sự thờ ơ). Động từ nhìn: glance (liếc), peer (nhìn cố), peep (nhìn trộm).
Từ vựng y tế
Phân biệt vaccine (phòng bệnh) với antidote (giải độc); diagnosis (chẩn đoán bệnh) với prognosis (tiên lượng); inoculate (tiêm phòng). Danh từ khác: ward (khoa/phòng bệnh), consultant (bác sĩ chuyên khoa), drip (dịch truyền), side effect (tác dụng phụ), numb/paralysed (tê/liệt), preventive medicine (y học dự phòng), in plaster (bó bột).
Phrasal verbs về sức khoẻ
pull through (qua cơn nguy kịch), come round (tỉnh lại sau gây mê), get over (bình phục), come out in spots (nổi mụn), play up (giở chứng, đau lại), pass away (qua đời), black out (ngất), ward off (xua đuổi, phòng ngừa), go down well (được đón nhận). Idiom hữu ích: on your best behaviour, in good faith, for effect.
Exercise A - Complete using the words in the boxes in the correct form.
Topic vocabulary: Reactions
I expect very good __________________ from all of you while I'm out of the classroom.
There's no way you can __________________ me from seeing my friends!
Let's __________________ the city centre as there'll be loads of traffic.
The girls were __________________ excitedly in their room - it was extremely irritating!
He occasionally __________________ quietly to himself as he read the letter.
The boys were __________________ after the film so I think they had a good time.
Stop __________________ in such an unpleasant way. Just because you won the game doesn't make you better than me, you know!
I __________________ something through the window but I've got no idea what it was.
Terry __________________ at the clock and realised he was late.
The window was so dirty we had to __________________ through it to see inside.
Don't __________________! Keep your eyes closed or it'll ruin the surprise.
I'm __________________. It's boring just sitting here. Let's go out for a walk.
Mr Jenkins was so __________________ when he heard the news he went red with anger.
Reversing round a corner is a difficult __________________.
I'm going to have to use some underhand __________________ to get Adam to agree.
Exercise B - Each of the words in bold, except one, is in the wrong place. Write the correct words on the lines.
A young child's emotions
In the playground, they often __________________ neglect and ridicule the weaker children and social misfits.
When they're successful at something, they __________________ grimace openly.
When they're taking horrible medicine, they __________________ conduct in a way that adults rarely do.
When they're __________________ impatient, you know about it immediately.
The __________________ gloat a young child can experience during a nightmare often seems far more extreme than the fear adults have.
When something angers them, they __________________ mock instantly.
A young child can go from peaceful __________________ terror to extreme anger and back again in just a couple of minutes.
If you give a small child a pet, they'll love it for a day or two, but then they might completely __________________ snap it.
Firstly, humans have to learn how to __________________ contentment and control their emotions.
Secondly, humans have to learn how to __________________ handle themselves within a society.
Exercise C - Complete using the words in the boxes in the correct form.
Topic vocabulary: Reactions
I've been __________________ over this decision for ages but I've definitely made my mind up now.
The whole country was out on the streets __________________ when they won the World Cup.
Do you at least __________________ that not everyone thinks about things the same way you do?
I was in such pain I just lay in bed __________________.
I'm __________________ with the way this company's dealt with this problem. I'm going to complain.
I do __________________ the fact that Josh was promoted and I wasn't, yes.
We all need to __________________ Joyce at such a difficult time for her.
Monica's absolutely determined to get this law changed. I've never seen her so __________________ about anything before.
You look a bit __________________ today. Is anything the matter?
Joe said he's so __________________ with his job he's thinking of quitting.
No one knows exactly what the __________________ of this action will be.
I thought the Prime Minister handled her resignation speech with great __________________.
The bureaucratic system in this country is suffering from extreme __________________. Nothing ever gets done!
There's just so much __________________ from young people these days when it comes to politics. They're just not interested.
Exercise D - Select the correct word or phrase.
Topic vocabulary: Health
If he's been bitten by a snake, we'll have to get him to a hospital to get the vaccine / antidote immediately.
They give most children a number of vaccines / antidotes these days to stop them getting serious diseases.
Have you been inoculated / injected against tetanus?
The symptoms are small red spots and slight skin irritation / annoyance.
I've cut my finger. Have you got plaster / a plaster?
Richie's broken his leg and it's in plaster / a plaster.
My diagnosis / prognosis is that you're suffering from stress.
If you carry on taking the tablets, then your diagnosis / prognosis is excellent.
Preventive / Protective medicine's all about not getting diseases rather than curing them after you've got them, isn't it?
My grandmother spent the last two years of her life in a nursing house / home.
Exercise E - Complete using the words in the box in the correct form.
Health diary entry
26th August ... I woke up in (1) __________________. I've never felt so bad in my life.
I immediately arranged to go on sick (2) __________________ from work.
The doctor came that morning and (3) __________________ some medicine for me.
I took it for about two days but my stomach was still really bad so I called the doctor again. He said I’d have to be (4) __________________ to hospital!
They took me in an ambulance and put me in a (5) __________________ with about 20 other people.
In the afternoon, the (6) __________________ came to see me.
Her (7) __________________ was that I’d got some kind of ulcer caused by bacteria.
She said they'd have to (8) __________________ antibiotics via an intravenous drip.
For the next six days I had a big (9) __________________ sticking into my arm pumping in antibiotics on a regular basis.
The whole of the left side of my face went (10) __________________.
It wasn't exactly (11) __________________ because I could still move my cheek.
The drugs did produce one strange (12) __________________ effect.
Exercise F - Choose the correct word.
Phrasal verbs
I don't know how I'm going to summon up / back the courage to tell Dad.
It really got me out / down when the doctor said I’d have to be off work for eight weeks.
Grandpa says his leg's playing up / around again so he's not going to come for a walk with us.
Did it take June a long time to get over / by her glandular fever?
We all creased up / off when Nick walked in wearing a skirt.
Antony says he felt a little dizzy when he came round / back from the anaesthetic.
These carrots have shrivelled up / down a bit so I think I'll throw them out.
Jerry's come out / over in spots all over his face.
Exercise G - Write a phrasal verb from the box in the correct form in each gap.
Phrasal verbs
Mr Deacon next door had a very serious operation. Apparently, it’s a miracle he __________________.
The first comedian didn't __________________ well with the audience at all and he was booed off the stage.
It took Terry a while to __________________ to the fact I was joking.
There's no point __________________ at Dr Barker. She's not responsible for what's happened.
I don’t know what happened. I was just sitting at my desk and I suddenly __________________ for a few minutes.
In some cultures, they wear jewellery to __________________ evil spirits.
The researchers __________________ a number of patients who had taken the drug to determine what side effects they had experienced.
Susie, I'm afraid I've got some bad news. Your grandmother __________________ peacefully during the night.
Exercise H - Tick the phrasal verbs in these sentences which contain that idea.
Phrasal verbs with through can contain the idea of completing something successfully.
It's going to be tough but we'll muddle through somehow, you'll see.
I was going through my wardrobe when I found these jeans. Would you like them?
I'm determined to see this through to the bitter end.
Eliot did well in physics, but he only just scraped through his chemistry exam.
Truth and justice will win through in the end - they always do.
The government's totally committed to carrying through these reforms.
Exercise I - Write one word in each gap.
Phrases, patterns and collocations
I want you kids to be __________________ your best behaviour tonight.
My father's been __________________ poor health for a while now.
You shouldn't have reacted __________________ getting so annoyed.
We were always polite __________________ our teachers when I was at school.
I don't think I'll ever be rich, but you live __________________ hope, don't you?
I hope I live to the grand old age __________________ 94!
I am writing __________________ response to your letter of 15th July.
So __________________ effect what you’re saying is that I’m being made redundant.
Sue left and, __________________ a consequence, I was promoted to Senior Nurse!
I know I did the wrong thing, but I was acting __________________ good faith, you know.
Exercise J - Complete using the words in the box in the correct form.
Phrases, patterns and collocations
Do you know what time the __________________ centre opens in the morning?
What we do here is ensure that our terminally ill patients get the best __________________ of life possible.
Of course hitting someone’s an example of __________________ behaviour!
There shouldn't be any __________________ effects with these pills, but if there are, let me know.
I hate the thought of standing there making __________________ conversation to strangers.
The consequences could be __________________ if you don’t start eating properly and get some exercise.
Some doctors think there's a lot to be said for __________________ medicine.
Exercise K - For each question, write one word which can be used in all three sentences.
One word must fit all three lines.
I used to be __________________ against plastic surgery but I've changed my mind now.
There was __________________ silence throughout the room, and I realised my joke had offended people.
If you do that again you'll be in __________________ trouble!
If you treat people well, they usually respond in __________________.
I didn't say anything of the __________________!
That was very __________________ of you to help Mrs Taylor carry her shopping.
The play really came to __________________ in the second act.
Darren asked me to go with him to the prom; "Not on your __________________!", I told him.
You know you’re putting your __________________ at risk by smoking, don’t you?
The way Hilary treats Carl just makes me __________________.
We were worried __________________ because we had no idea where Karen was and she hadn’t called.
I’m not feeling well at all, so I think I’m going to call in __________________ this morning.
We only went there for a __________________; we didn't know it would cause so much trouble.
You always have to have the last __________________, don't you?
It's a __________________ a minute when Daniel's around.
She only said that for __________________; she doesn't really believe it.
The new regulations will come into __________________ from midnight tonight.
Caffeine has very little __________________ on me, so I can sleep at night however many cups of coffee I drink.
Exercise L - Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
Do not change the word given. Use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Spending two weeks in hospital was very different from lying on the beach! cry
Spending two weeks in hospital was __________________ lying on the beach!
The medicine should start working soon. benefits
You should __________________ soon.
I just did what the sergeant ordered me to do, sir. acting
I __________________, sir.
I had no idea everyone would react so violently to my suggestion. cause
I had no idea I __________________ by suggesting that.
Don't you think you should be a bit more respectful to them, Edward? treat
Don't you think you should __________________, Edward?
Alan's got food poisoning. taken
Alan __________________ food poisoning.
Exercise M - Each of the words in bold is incorrect. Rewrite them correctly.
Idioms
Thanks for inviting me but I think I'll give it a leave, if you don't mind.
I could have hit myself when I invited Claudia to the beach.
I'm going to be in plaster for six months so I'm just going to have to smile and bear it.
Hold your hair on! It’s nothing to get upset about, you know.
I know you were angry but there was no need to fly off the doorknob like that.
After working all day, I like to go out with some friends just to let off air.
The best way to deal with bullies is to give them a taste of their own tablets.
They're closing the local hospital and everyone round here is up in guns about it.
Fiona's offered to help you. Don't ask why - never look a gift cow in the mouth.
You could complain to her boss, but it's probably better just to let sleeping cats lie.
What's done is done - there's no point crying over spilt liquid.
It was hard to keep a plain face when Jenny told me how Toby had broken his arm.
Exercise N - Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals.
Word formation
Colin became a political __________________ when he was at university. (ACT)
Do you know the __________________ of the word 'handsome'? (DERIVE)
I know it's a bit annoying but there's no need to __________________ to such an extent. (ACT)
Have you got any __________________ in your toes at all, Mr Babcock? (SENSE)
We stood there watching the __________________ drama with shock on our faces. (FOLD)
In medicine, __________________ is always better than cure. (PREVENT)
If one of our nurses has acted __________________, you can be assured we will take the strongest possible action against him or her. (NEGLECT)
It's __________________ even trying. We'll never get to the hospital in time. (FRUIT)
We were all jumping around __________________ in the corridor, desperately waiting to hear if it was a boy or a girl. (PATIENT)
Do you really think your plans are going to come to __________________? (FRUIT)
By the angry looks on people's faces, I would say there was widespread __________________ for the proposed changes to the health centre's opening times. (APPROVE)
I used to think I could change the world, but then __________________ set in when I reached my early thirties. (ILLUSION)
I can't believe you forgot to get your wife a birthday present. You're so __________________ sometimes! (NEGLECT)
She told me she's not __________________ in the slightest for what she said. (REGRET)
The whole incident was extremely __________________. (REGRET)
There's a lot of __________________ with the government at the moment. I think they might well get kicked out at the next election. (CONTENT)
As I told Rose how I felt she was completely __________________, so I had no idea at all what she was thinking. (RESPOND)
Exercise O - Use the word given in capitals at the end of the line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.
Voluntary euthanasia
There are many moral issues which remain (1) __________________ to this day. (RESOLVE)
All possible treatments known to science are (2) __________________. There’s no cure, and no hope. (EFFECT)
The patient's death from this disease at some point in the future is (3) __________________. (AVOID)
They cannot live (4) __________________ of machines and 24-hour care. (DEPEND)
What if the patient is (5) __________________ and continually asks for their life to be brought to an end by doctors? (RESOLVE)
But from a moral point of view, we have to (6) __________________ that there is a problem. (KNOW)
Do doctors really have the right to be (7) __________________ to the patient's wishes? (SENSE)
Opponents of voluntary euthanasia argue that scientific (8) __________________ is increasing all the time. (KNOW)
If the law was changed, the (9) __________________ situation would put doctors in a much worse position. (RESULT)
Do we as a society have the right to expect doctors to (10) __________________ such a difficult and complex issue? (HAND)
