Unit 14: Health and fitness
Từ vựng Health and fitness
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Sức khoẻ & thể chất (Health and fitness)
Bài này mở rộng từ vựng về bệnh tật, điều trị và lối sống lành mạnh, chú trọng các cặp từ dễ nhầm và phrasal verbs ở trình độ B2.
Cặp từ dễ nhầm
prescription (đơn thuốc) ≠ recipe (công thức nấu ăn); illness (tình trạng ốm) ≠ disease (căn bệnh cụ thể); cure (chữa khỏi) / remedy (phương thuốc) / therapy (liệu pháp); thin (gầy, trung tính/tiêu cực) ≠ slim (thon thả, tích cực); injured (bị thương, người/động vật) ≠ damaged (hư hại, đồ vật).
Phrasal verbs quan trọng
come down with = bắt đầu bị (bệnh nhẹ); get over = hồi phục sau; pull through = qua khỏi (bệnh nặng); pass out = ngất, come round/to = tỉnh lại; bring on = gây ra (bệnh); cut down (on) = giảm bớt; give up = từ bỏ; put on = tăng (cân); wear off = hết tác dụng (thuốc).
Cụm từ & collocations
Ghi nhớ các cụm đi cố định: alternative medicine/therapy, make/have/break an appointment (đặt/có/huỷ lịch hẹn). Chú ý dùng đúng động từ đi kèm để nói tự nhiên.
Theory
Topic vocabulary in contrast
| prescription / recipe | thin / slim | infection / pollution |
| operation / surgery | remedy / cure / therapy | plaster / bandage |
| sore / hurt / pain | effect / result | ward / clinic |
| illness / disease | healthy / fit | dose / fix |
| injured / damaged | examine / investigate | fever / rash |
Phrasal verbs
| break out start suddenly (for a war, fire, etc) | give up stop doing sth you do regularly |
| bring on cause (an illness, etc) | look after take care of |
| come down with start to suffer from a minor illness | pass out suddenly become unconscious |
| come round/to become conscious | pull through survive (a serious illness, etc) |
| cut down (on) do less of (smoking, etc); reduce an amount of | put down kill (a sick/old animal) |
| feel up to feel well enough to do | put on gain (weight) |
| get over recover from (an illness, etc) | wear off stop being effective (for a drug, etc) |
Phrases and collocations
| alternative | alternative medicine/therapy; find an alternative (to sth) |
| appointment | make/have/break an appointment |
| bath | have/take a bath; run a bath (for sb) |
| danger | in danger; out of danger |
| exercise | do an exercise; do exercise; take/get (some) exercise |
| fit | get/stay/keep/be fit; fit and healthy |
| good | do sb good; sth does you good; good for sb (to do) |
| health | in good/bad/poor/etc health; health centre; health care |
| injection | have an injection (for/against sth); give sb an injection |
| medicine | take/prescribe medicine; practise/study medicine; the best medicine; alternative medicine |
| shape | get in/into shape; stay/keep in shape; the shape of sth; in the shape of |
| spread | spread sth; spread sth over/on sth; spread to a place |
Word patterns
| addicted to sth | need to do; need doing; in need of; no need for |
| attempt to do | operate on sb/sth |
| benefit from sth; a benefit of sth | suffer from sth; suffer sth |
| complain (to sb) (about sth/sb doing); complain of sth | tired of sth/doing |
| cope with sth/doing | try to do; try sth/sb/doing; try and do |
| inject sth into sth/sb | worry about sth/sb doing; worried that; worried about/by |
| lead to sth/(your) doing | worth sth/doing |
| likely to do; it is (un)likely that |
Word formation
| allergy allergic | fit unfit, fitness | poison poisonous, poisoning |
| aware unaware, awareness | ill illness | recover recovery |
| benefit beneficial | inject injection | strong strength, strengthen, strongly |
| comfort discomfort, (un)comfortable, (un)comfortably | injure injury, injuries | surgery surgeon, surgical(ly) |
| emphasis emphasise, emphatic | operate operation, operator, operating, cooperate, cooperation, (un)cooperative | treat treatment |
Exercise A
Complete using the correct form of the words in the box.
Exercise B
Circle the correct word.
Exercise C
Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words in each gap.
Dan __________ , which meant he couldn't work.
If you __________ , you'll really improve your health.
We asked the vet to __________ to stop her suffering any longer.
I don't really __________ tennis.
Is it true that getting wet can __________ a cold?
Lots of people got ill when the flu epidemic __________ in June.
Exercise D
Write a phrasal verb in the correct form to replace the words in bold.
Exercise E
Choose the correct answer.
Exercise F
Match to make sentences.
B going to the gym more often?
C losing a bit of weight.
D telling my dad to give up smoking.
E to have health problems later in life.
Exercise G
Water has damaged part of this text about the drug problem. Read it and decide what you think each of the original words was. Write the words in the blank spaces.
THE DRUG PROBLEM
Many people today are worried (1) __________ drugs. It seems that more and more people are becoming addicted (2) __________ substances, such as heroine and cocaine, that damage their health. But what leads (3) __________ people becoming addicts? What makes someone inject a drug (4) __________ their veins? Is it because of their inability to cope (5) __________ problems in their everyday lives? One thing is for sure. When we complain (6) __________ the problems caused by hard drugs, we need (7) __________ remember that people suffer (8) __________ all kinds of health problems caused by legal drugs, such as alcohol and tobacco. We would all benefit (9) __________ more education and the government should attempt (10) __________ make sure we all know the risks involved.
Exercise H
Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals when this is necessary.
Exercise I
Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
The no-surgery solution!
These days, it seems there's an (1) __________ for everything. Whether you want something made smaller or you want to (2) __________ your best features, you can bet that plastic (3) __________ claim to have the solution. We at BodySculpt know, though, that you don't want the (4) __________ associated with surgery. But you can't enjoy the (5) __________ effects without going under the knife, can you? Yes! No need for (6) __________ procedures with a long (7) __________ period! Our unique service consists of a series of (8) __________ that will give you the results you've always wanted! Call now and speak to one of our (9) __________.
