📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Đồ ăn & thức uống (Food and drink)
Bài này gom từ vựng về cách chế biến, dụng cụ nhà bếp và ăn uống, tập trung phân biệt các từ gần nghĩa và phrasal verbs thường gặp ở B2.
Cặp/nhóm từ dễ nhầm
Cách cắt: chop (chặt/băm) / slice (thái lát) / grate (nạo); cách nấu: bake (nướng lò) / grill (nướng vỉ) / fry (chiên) / roast (quay) / boil (luộc); cook (người/hành động nấu) ≠ cooker (bếp) ≠ chef (đầu bếp chuyên nghiệp); kitchen (căn bếp) ≠ cuisine (nền ẩm thực); freezer (ngăn đá) ≠ fridge (tủ lạnh).
Phrasal verbs quan trọng
go off = (thức ăn) ôi thiu; run out of = hết sạch; put off = làm mất hứng/không thích; drop in (on) = ghé thăm bất ngờ; run into = tình cờ gặp; take to = bắt đầu thích; try out = thử nghiệm; turn out = hoá ra/kết quả là; turn up = xuất hiện bất ngờ; leave out = bỏ sót.
Cụm từ & collocations
Ghi nhớ các cụm đi cố định trong ngữ cảnh ăn uống để diễn đạt tự nhiên, ví dụ về gọi món, đặt bàn và mô tả bữa ăn. Chú ý dùng đúng động từ và giới từ đi kèm.
Theory
Topic vocabulary in contrast
| chop / slice / grate | lunch / dinner | freezer / fridge |
| bake / grill / fry / roast / boil | plate / bowl / saucer / dish | frozen / freezing |
| cook / cooker / chef | vegetable / vegetarian / vegan | mix / stir / whisk |
| oven / grill / hob | fast food / takeaway | soft drink / fizzy drink |
| kitchen / cuisine | kettle / teapot | menu / catalogue |
Phrasal verbs
| drop in (on) visit unexpectedly | put off make sb not want to do or not like sth |
| get on for be almost a particular time, number, age, etc | run into meet by chance |
| go off be no longer fresh | run out of not have any left |
| go on continue happening or doing sth; do sth after doing sth else | take to begin to like; begin to do sth regularly |
| go/come round go/come to sb's house to visit them | try out experiment with |
| keep on continue doing sth | turn out develop in a particular way or have a particular result |
| leave out not include | turn up appear unexpectedly or without making a firm arrangement |
Phrases and collocations
| cook | a good/great/etc cook; cook a meal/chicken/etc; do the cooking |
| drink | make (sb) a drink; have a drink (of sth); drink sth; drink to sb; drink to sb's health; drink a toast to sb |
| feed | feed an animal/etc; feed on sth |
| fill | fill sth (up); filled with sth; full of sth |
| food | make/prepare/cook/serve food; fast/junk food; pet food; health food |
| meal | make/cook/have a meal; go out for a meal |
| note | make/take/keep (a) note of sth; note sth (down) |
| occasion | on this/that occasion; on occasion; on the occasion of sth; special occasion |
| recipe | follow a recipe; recipe book; recipe for disaster |
| table | lay/set/clear the table; book/reserve a table |
| wash | wash the dishes; wash one's hands; do the washing-up; dishwasher; washing machine |
Word patterns
| associate sth/sb with sth/sb | regard sb as (being) sth |
| careful with/about/of sth | remember to do; remember sth/sb/doing; remember that |
| choose between; choose to do | suggest sth/doing (to sb); suggest that |
| compliment sb on sth | tend to do |
| full of sth | wait for sth/sb; wait (for sth) to do; wait and see |
| lack sth; lack of sth; lacking in sth | willing to do |
| offer sb sth; offer sth (to sb); offer to do |
Word formation
| anxious anxiously, anxiety | grow growth, grown-up, growing, grown, home-grown, grower | safe unsafe, (un)safely, save, safety, saviour, saver |
| appreciate (un)appreciative(ly), appreciation | mix mixed, mixture, mixer | surprise (un)surprising(ly), surprised |
| contain container, content(s) | origin (un)original(ly), originate, originator | sweet sweetly, sweetener, sweetness |
| create creative(ly), creation, creativity, creator | prepare preparation, preparatory, (un)prepared | thorough thoroughly, thoroughness |
| disgust disgusting, disgusted |
Exercise A
Write a verb from the box under each picture description.
Exercise B
Circle the correct word.
Exercise C
Write one word in each gap.
Restaurant review: La Clara, Kensington
by Celia Clarke
I've taken (1) __________ not booking a table in my real name for these restaurant reviews, as there's always the fear that I'll receive special attention if they know I'm a food critic. For Adam Carter's new restaurant, La Clara, on Kensington High Street, I took this one stage further by not booking a table at all.
Earlier in the evening, some friends had come (2) __________ for a chat and mentioned La Clara. We decided just to drop (3) __________ to see if there was a free table. There wasn't – always a risk if you (4) __________ up without booking, of course – but we decided to wait. And wait we did. Having arrived at about 9.30, it was getting (5) __________ for eleven before we were finally seated. Incidentally, while we were having a drink at the bar, we ran (6) __________ the food critic of a rival newspaper. She said this was one of her favourite restaurants at the moment. I'd like to be able to report that I now agree, but unfortunately our meal turned (7) __________ to be far from wonderful.
I ordered mushroom troubadour as a starter. The sauce tasted like the cream had (8) __________ off. It was practically inedible. My friend Jane ordered salmon sentinale. Fifteen minutes after my mushrooms had arrived, the waiter came over to say that they had (9) __________ out of salmon. He went (10) __________ to say that they would be closing at midnight. It was already 11.30. The head chef of La Clara likes to try (11) __________ one new dish every day. This is called the Chef's Special. I decided to have this – a not-particularly-exciting pasta dish – for the main course. It wasn't bad, but the waiter kept (12) __________ coming over to see if we had finished. We hadn't. I'll leave (13) __________ a description of the dessert. We had to eat it so quickly I can't even remember what it tasted like.
I don't want to (14) __________ anyone off trying La Clara – all new restaurants have problems at the start – but I for one shan't be going back any time soon.
Exercise D
Read ten different ways of explaining things and decide where these texts appear.
F on a menu • G in an advertisement for a restaurant • H in a toast at a celebration • I in an article on dieting • J in an article on organising a dinner party
Exercise E
Write one word in each gap.
Exercise F
Complete using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Exercise G
Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
Creating your own dishes
Good cooking is always a strange (1) __________ of science and art and you certainly have to be fairly (2) __________ if you want to come up with your own recipes. All cooking also demands a fair amount of (3) __________ , and this is doubly true when you're producing (4) __________ dishes. You also have to be thick-skinned. You'll be (5) __________ by how honest people can be when it comes to food. I've had people tell me my latest dish is (6) __________ and (7) __________ inedible! Sometimes, they were right! But don't get upset. Just smile (8) __________ and thank them for their valuable opinion. And never forget that when you're waiting (9) __________ to hear whether or not your 'masterpiece' is a success and they suddenly show their (10) __________ , you'll realise it was all worth it. My tips: home-(11) __________ vegetables are always the tastiest. Every good cook needs a top-quality (12) __________ . It's an essential piece of kitchen equipment, not a luxury. Make sure you've got lots of good-quality food storage (13) __________ . And, finally, remember that designing a new dish is not about (14) __________ . It's about taking risks, and learning from your mistakes. Have fun in the kitchen!
