Unit 23: Questions, question tags, indirect questions
Ngữ pháp Questions, question tags, indirect questions
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Câu hỏi (Questions)
Đảo trợ động từ ra trước chủ ngữ: thì đơn dùng do/does/did, thì tiếp diễn dùng be, thì hoàn thành dùng have/has/had, với modal thì đảo chính modal. Ví dụ: Do you feel cold? / Have you seen this film? / Should I call the police?
Với who và what: nếu từ để hỏi là chủ ngữ thì KHÔNG dùng do (Who told you?); nếu là tân ngữ thì dùng do (Who did you tell?).
Câu hỏi đuôi (Question tags)
Dùng để mời người khác đồng ý hoặc kiểm tra thông tin có đúng không. Quy tắc: mệnh đề khẳng định đi với đuôi phủ định và ngược lại. Ví dụ: It's confusing, isn't it? / You haven't been to prison, have you?
Trường hợp đặc biệt: với I am dùng đuôi aren't I?; với Let's dùng đuôi shall we?
Câu hỏi gián tiếp (Indirect questions)
Cụm mở đầu lịch sự + mệnh đề theo trật tự câu kể (không đảo). Ví dụ: Could you tell me where the bank is? (KHÔNG nói "where is the bank"). Câu hỏi Yes/No dùng if/whether: Do you know if Alison lives there?
Tổng điểm: 0/45
Theory
Questions
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| Normal main verbs — Simple tenses | Do you feel cold? • Did they go shopping? |
| Continuous tenses | Am I annoying you? • Were they waiting for you? |
| Perfect tenses | Have you seen this film? • Had it started? |
| Be as a main verb | Am I late? • Were you all right? • Have you been ill? |
| Have as a main verb | Does she have a bath every day? • Did they have lunch at one o'clock? |
| Modals | Should I call the police? • Could you call me later? |
| Question words | Who was in prison? • What's your name? • Where do they live? • Why did you do that? |
Watch out!
• To form questions in the passive, we put the auxiliary verb before the subject. If there is more than one auxiliary verb, only the first one goes before the subject.
✓ Was Mr Jenkins arrested yesterday?
✓ Has Mr Jenkins been arrested?
✓ Was Mr Jenkins arrested yesterday?
✓ Has Mr Jenkins been arrested?
• With the question words who and what, we use do as an auxiliary verb if the question word refers to the object of the verb.
✓ Who told you? (= Someone told you. Who?)
✓ Who did you tell? (= You told someone. Who?)
✓ Who told you? (= Someone told you. Who?)
✓ Who did you tell? (= You told someone. Who?)
Question tags
| Use | Example |
|---|---|
| To ask someone to agree with us | It's confusing, isn't it? |
| To check whether something is true | You haven't been to prison, have you? |
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| Normal main verbs — Simple tenses | Phil works here, doesn't he? • They didn't leave, did they? |
| Continuous tenses | You are coming, aren't you? • They weren't looking, were they? |
| Perfect tenses | They've gone, haven't they? • You hadn't seen it, had you? |
| Be as a main verb | He's new here, isn't he? • You weren't old enough, were you? |
| Have as a main verb | They have a car, haven't / don't they? • You didn't have a shower every day, did you? |
| Modals | Jan should be here by now, shouldn't she? • You won't make a mess, will you? |
Helpful hints
In sentences with I am, we use aren't I? In sentences with I'm not, we use am I?
✓ I'm right, aren't I?
✓ I'm not stupid, am I?
In sentences with I am, we use aren't I? In sentences with I'm not, we use am I?
✓ I'm right, aren't I?
✓ I'm not stupid, am I?
Watch out! With Let's, we use shall in the question tag.
✓ Let's do the washing-up later, shall we?
✓ Let's do the washing-up later, shall we?
Indirect questions
| Form | Example |
|---|---|
| Phrase + clause with normal word order |
To ask questions politely: • Can/Could you tell me where the bank is? • Can/Could you let me know what time the film starts? • Do you know if Alison lives there? • I wonder if you could tell me where the toilets are. • I wonder if you know how much this costs. |
Watch out! We don't use question word order in the second half of the sentence.
Exercise A
A Score: 0/8
The words and phrases in bold in each sentence are wrong. Write the correct word or phrase.
1
Does Debbie likes Greek food?
like
2
Did Anne and Carlo went to Spain last year?
go
3
Was Dawn and Jennifer with you?
Were
4
Has Claudia a haircut every Thursday?
Does Claudia have
5
Have you buy the new Arctic Monkeys' CD yet?
bought
6
Does Tim going to be in the school play?
Is
7
It would be the best thing to do?
Would it be / Wouldn't it be
8
Were you play basketball when it started snowing?
playing
Exercise B
B Score: 0/9
Write one word in each gap.
Rachel: Hi, Ben! (1) _______ are you?
Ben: I'm fine. (2) _______ you hear about Mr Watkins, the maths teacher?
Rachel: No. (3) _______ happened to him?
Ben: He fell out of the window of his classroom!
Rachel: (4) _______ pushed him?
Ben: No one!
Rachel: So how (5) _______ it happen?
Ben: He was sitting on the windowsill and he just fell backwards!
Rachel: Oh dear! Poor Mr Watkins. (6) _______ he hurt?
Ben: No. Luckily his classroom is on the ground floor.
Rachel: That's lucky! (7) _______ you there at the time?
Ben: Yes! We were having a maths lesson.
Rachel: So (8) _______ did you all do?
Ben: We ran outside to help him. We were all laughing, though!
Rachel: (9) _______ he think it was funny, too?
Ben: Not at first, but he laughed about it afterwards.
1
_______ are you?
How
2
_______ you hear about Mr Watkins?
Did
3
_______ happened to him?
What
4
_______ pushed him?
Who
5
So how _______ it happen?
did
6
_______ he hurt?
Was
7
_______ you there at the time?
Were
8
So _______ did you all do?
what
9
_______ he think it was funny, too?
Does / Did
Exercise C
C Score: 0/10
Match to make sentences. Write the correct letter (A–J).
A weren't they?
B have you?
C don't you?
D didn't they?
E are you?
F haven't you? G will she? H doesn't she? I isn't it? J am I?
F haven't you? G will she? H doesn't she? I isn't it? J am I?
1
You live in a village, _______
C
2
You're not fifteen years old, _______
E
3
Carol has a maths test tomorrow, _______
H
4
They were having lunch at the time, _______
A
5
You've been to France, _______
F
6
I'm not the only one, _______
J
7
They all passed the test, _______
D
8
You haven't seen Linda anywhere, _______
B
9
She won't tell anyone else, _______
G
10
This is the right DVD, _______
I
Exercise D
D Score: 0/8
Complete the question tags.
1
Mark doesn't eat meat, _______ he?
does
2
We should phone Grandma, _______ we?
shouldn't
3
I didn't get you into trouble, _______ I?
did
4
You weren't waiting for me, _______ you?
were
5
Jill has finished her homework, _______ she?
hasn't
6
You'll call me later, _______ you?
won't
7
Let's go out tonight, _______ we?
shall
8
I'm going to pass the exam, _______ I?
aren't
Exercise E
E Score: 0/5
Choose the correct answer.
1
Excuse me. Could you tell me how much _______, please?
B — these jeans are
2
Can you let me know what time _______?
B — the train arrives
3
Do you know if _______ at seven o'clock?
A — the show starts
4
I wonder if you could tell me what _______.
B — the difference is
5
I wonder if you know who _______ ask.
A — I should
Exercise F
F Score: 0/5
Complete each second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
1
Where's the post office?
I wonder if you could tell me _______.
I wonder if you could tell me _______.
where the post office is
2
Why did you do that?
Could you tell us _______?
Could you tell us _______?
why you did that
3
How much will the holiday cost?
Can you let me know _______?
Can you let me know _______?
how much the holiday will cost
4
Are there any cafés near here?
Could you tell me if _______?
Could you tell me if _______?
there are any cafés near here
5
Does Jim like jazz music?
Do you know _______?
Do you know _______?
if Jim likes jazz music
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Xem tất cả Grammar B1
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