Unit 12: Friends and relations
Từ vựng Friends and relations
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Bạn bè và người thân (Friends and relations)
Đơn vị này gồm từ vựng mô tả tính cách và các mối quan hệ. Một số tính từ thường gặp: loyal (trung thành), generous (hào phóng), patient (kiên nhẫn), confident (tự tin), independent (độc lập), grateful (biết ơn), close (thân thiết), divorced (đã ly hôn), single (độc thân).
Danh từ & động từ chủ đề
couple (cặp đôi), guest (khách), relation/relative (họ hàng), stranger (người lạ), trust (tin tưởng), respect (tôn trọng), introduce (giới thiệu), apologise (xin lỗi).
Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs)
bring up = nuôi dạy; grow up = lớn lên; get on (with) = hợp/thân thiết với; fall out (with) = cãi nhau, nghỉ chơi; go out with = hẹn hò; split up = chia tay; let down = làm thất vọng; look after = chăm sóc.
Cụm giới từ & mẫu từ với giới từ
on your own = một mình; in common = có điểm chung; in love (with) = đang yêu; on purpose = cố ý. Nhớ học cả cụm: fond of, proud of, married to, apologise to sb for, argue with sb about.
Tổng điểm: 0/80
Topic Vocabulary
apologise (v) boyfriend (n)
close (adj) confident (adj)
cool (adj) couple (n)
decorate (v) defend (v)
divorced (adj) flat (n)
generous (adj) girlfriend (n)
grateful (adj) guest (n)
independent (adj) introduce (v)
loving (adj) loyal (adj)
mood (n) neighbourhood (n)
ordinary (adj) patient (adj)
private (adj) recognise (v)
relation (n) rent (v, n)
respect (v, n) single (adj)
stranger (n) trust (v, n)
Phrasal Verbs
| Verb | Definition |
|---|---|
| bring up | take care of a child until he or she becomes an adult |
| fall out (with) | have an argument with sb and stop being friends |
| get on (with) | have a good relationship (with) |
| go out with | be the boyfriend/girlfriend of |
| grow up | become older (for children) |
| let down | disappoint |
| look after | take care of |
| split up | end a relationship |
Prepositional Phrases
by yourself
in common (with)
in contact (with)
in love (with)
on purpose
on your own
Word Formation
| Root | Forms |
|---|---|
| able | ability, disabled, unable |
| admire | admiration |
| care | careful, careless |
| confident | confidence |
| forgive | forgave, forgiven, forgiveness |
| honest | dishonest, honesty |
| introduce | introduction |
| lie | liar, lying |
| person | personality, personal |
| relate | relative, relation, relationship |
Word Patterns
| Type | Examples |
|---|---|
| Adjectives | fond of, jealous of, kind to, married to, proud of |
| Verbs | admire sb for, apologise (to sb) for, argue (with sb) about, care about, chat (to sb) about |
| Nouns | an argument (with sb) about, a relationship with |
Exercise A: Topic Vocabulary
Score: 0/13
Complete using the words in the box.
close confident cool
divorced generous grateful
independent loving loyal
ordinary patient private
single
1
Thanks for looking after my dog for the weekend. I'm really _________.
grateful
2
Judy is one of the most _________ people I know. She's always giving me presents!
generous
3
I don't want a girlfriend. I like being _________.
single
4
It will take a while for Simon to forgive you. You'll just have to be _________.
patient
5
Adam's parents are _________, so he only sees his dad at the weekend.
divorced
6
Cats are more _________ than dogs. They live their own lives and don't need human company.
independent
7
I'm very _________ to my best friend. I'd never talk about her behind her back.
loyal
8
Sandy's such a _________ dog. He's always so happy to see us when we come home!
loving
9
I'm not a very _________ person. I get nervous when I have to speak in public.
confident
10
My diary is _________. No one is allowed to read it apart from me.
private
11
I tell my sister all my problems and secrets. We have a very _________ relationship.
close
12
My uncle's really _________! He's in a rock band!
cool
13
I'm just a/an _________ person with a normal life - but I'm quite happy!
ordinary
Exercise B: Anagrams
Score: 0/9
Complete using a word formed from the letters given.
1
Don't you think Ben and Angie make a lovely _________? LEOPUC
couple
2
How many _________ are staying at the hotel at the moment? SEGUTS
guests
3
All our _________ are coming to the wedding. SNOREALIT
relations
4
A _________ is just a friend you haven't met yet! GRANTERS
stranger
5
How long have you been going out with your _________? DRINFEYOB
boyfriend
6
Why are you in such a bad _________? ODOM
mood
7
My grandparents live in a really quiet _________. OHIDROUGHBONE
neighbourhood
8
My cousin has just moved into a _________ in the city centre. ATLF
flat
9
I'm going to the cinema with my _________ tonight. REDGINFLIR
girlfriend
Exercise C: Wrong Word
Score: 0/8
Each of the words in bold is in the wrong sentence. Write the correct word.
1
I was first respected to Jake at a party.
introduced
2
I shouldn't have rented you. Now I know you can't keep a secret!
trusted
3
Our house is being recognised so we're staying with my grandparents at the moment.
decorated
4
Everyone apologised Mr Turner because he was strict but fair.
respected
5
Have you introduced to Kelly for losing her CD?
apologised
6
Sarah said I was a liar but Carol trusted me and said I wasn't.
defended
7
We decorated a small house in the countryside for the summer.
rented
8
No one defended Phil when he came to the party dressed as an old man.
recognised
Exercise D: Phrasal Verbs
Score: 0/7
Type the correct word from the choice of two (e.g. 'off' or 'down').
1
I thought I could trust you! You've really let me [ off / down ].
down
2
Do you get [ on / in ] well with your older sister?
on
3
As children grow [ off / up ], they want more independence from their parents.
up
4
Dave has fallen [ off / out ] with Jason and they're not talking to each other at the moment.
out
5
Ed was brought [ in / up ] by his aunt because his parents lived abroad.
up
6
I used to [ go out / by ] with Tony but we [ split off / up ] about a year ago.
(Type both words separated by a comma, e.g. "word1, word2")
(Type both words separated by a comma, e.g. "word1, word2")
go out, split up
7
I hate looking [ after / over ] my baby brother!
after
Exercise E: Gap Fill
Score: 0/8
Write one word in each gap (Advice for parents of teenagers).
"You've always (1) up your children to come to you when they're in trouble. You feel it's your job to (2) after them when they're having problems. But now, as your children are (3) up, they often don't want to share their problems with you. That's perfectly normal, so don't worry! Of course, you want to (4) on well with your children, but that means you have to give them some freedom.
Maybe they've (5) out with their best friend and feel upset and angry. Maybe they've just (6) up with the boyfriend or girlfriend they've been (7) out with. Maybe they've been (8) down by a friend who they trusted. Teenagers go through all these problems. If they want to talk to you about it, then that's fine. But if they don't, don't force them. They'll come to you when they're ready."
1. brought, 2. look, 3. growing, 4. get, 5. fallen, 6. split, 7. going, 8. let
Exercise F: Prepositional Phrases
Score: 0/6
Each of the words in bold is wrong. Write the correct word.
1
Are you still on contact with any friends from university?
in
2
I'm going to split up with Dan because we've got nothing from common.
in
3
I don't think I'd like to live on myself.
by
4
Would you like to live by your own?
on
5
Fiona didn't break your MP3 player with purpose. It was an accident!
on
6
Guess what! Mike and Julie are at love with each other.
in
Exercise G: Word Formation
Score: 0/8
Complete by changing the form of the word in capitals.
1
I'm asking for your _________! FORGIVE
forgiveness
2
Doug is such a _________. I never believe a word he says! LIE
liar
3
Be _________! I've just painted the walls and they're wet. CARE
careful
4
Lying to your dad like that was really _________. HONEST
dishonest
5
My brother is _________, but that doesn't stop him from doing lots of sport. ABLE
disabled
6
I haven't got the _________ to go up to a stranger at a party and introduce myself. CONFIDENT
confidence
7
My best friend gives me lots of help with my _________ problems. PERSON
personal
8
My _________ with Chris lasted for over three years. RELATION
relationship
Exercise H: Word Formation (Suffixes)
Score: 0/7
Complete the words.
1
Liz has got a really lively person...
personality
2
Roger is always losing things. He's so care...
careless
3
I really admire you for your honest...
honesty
4
I have a lot of admir... for Linda. She's achieved such a lot.
admiration
5
Uncle Alan has an amazing mental ab... he can guess the number you're thinking of.
ability
6
In the introduc... to this book, it says that moving house is extremely stressful.
introduction
7
Most of my relat... live in Canada so I don't see them very often.
relatives / relations
Exercise I: Word Patterns
Score: 0/14
Write one word in each gap.
I'm very fond (1) my husband, William. I've been married (2) him for over sixty years. I know he cares (3) me now just as much as when we first met all those years ago. I'd got lost, and I asked him for directions. He was so kind (4) me. He offered to drive me wherever I wanted to go. It was love at first sight and since then my relationship (5) him has always been wonderful.
William is proud (6) my success as an artist, and he's never been jealous (7) my fame. I really admire him (8) supporting me so much over the years. Every evening, we chat (9) each other (10) the day's events. Of course, we do sometimes argue (11) things. All couples do. But whenever I have an argument (12) him, we soon start laughing and both apologise (13) each other (14) getting angry. I can't imagine life without him!
1. of, 2. to, 3. about, 4. to, 5. with, 6. of, 7. of, 8. for, 9. to, 10. about, 11. about, 12. with, 13. to, 14. for
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