Đề HSG TP.HCM 2020–2021 — Ngày 2
Đề thi chọn đội tuyển học sinh giỏi THPT TP.HCM, năm học 2020-2021, ngày thi thứ hai
Đề thi chọn đội tuyển học sinh giỏi THPT môn Tiếng Anh — Sở GD&ĐT TP.HCM. Đây là đề ở trình độ C1–C2, khó hơn hẳn đề tốt nghiệp: ngoài trắc nghiệm còn có điền từ, chia dạng từ, sửa lỗi và viết luận.
Đồng hồ chạy khi bạn trả lời câu đầu tiên — hãy làm trọn 180 phút, không tra cứu, rồi mới nộp bài để xem điểm từng phần.
Đáp án do Brighten VN giải — đề gốc của Sở GD&ĐT không kèm đáp án.
Đề gốc ngày thi thứ hai có phần LISTENING; phần này đã được lược bỏ vì không có file ghi âm đi kèm.
Phần Viết lại câu không chấm tự động — bạn tự đối chiếu với câu mẫu.
Đọc hiểu READING
Đọc kỹ bài rồi trả lời câu hỏi
Section 1 — phần 1
For questions 1-5 say which of the notes below (A-H) best sums up each of the first five paragraphs. Indicate your answers on the separate answer sheet. Note: There is only one answer to each question.
Read the following extract and do the tasks that follow
Pointers To Learning
1. A lecture may seem to be well organized in the lecturer's notes but have no apparent pattern when
delivered. Ideally students should be able to state the intended organization, and how one fact is broadly
related to the rest, at any time during the lecture, firstly because they need to take notes if the amount of
information to be retained exceeds the amount they can remember, and secondly because these links
are essential to be understanding.
2. It follows, of course, that a lecture is likely to be more effective if its organization is given at the beginning.
This can usually be done very naturally as an explanation of how the lecturer's objectives are to be
achieved. Certainly the dictum “first tell ‘em what you're going to tell ‘em. Then tell ‘em what you've
told ‘em,” can usefully be applied to lectures and is particularly appropriate to those who teach a difficult
subject or who cannot easily get down to the students’ level of understanding.
3. Some lecturers may feel that by summarizing all they intend to say at the beginning, they will have ‘shot
their bolt’ and have nothing left with which to arouse interest when attention flags. In this case the
summary needs to be given in a way that whets the appetite and the elaboration of points will require
interesting details, visual illustration, humour and an occasional anecdote.
4. Itemizing points has several advantages. First, each item provides a peg on which detail may be hung.
Secondly, while it may be obvious to the lecturer that he is going on to a fresh point this is not so obvious
to the listener, least of all the student who is not already familiar with the topic. Thirdly, if a student day-
dreams, or has microsleeps, he may easily lose the thread of an argument. If points are itemized he will
know when he misses one and he will be able to pick up the lecturer's drift again more easily, latching
on to the point that follows. He may also be able to fill in the missing point with the help of another student
later. Just as most people are unaware that they dream 3 or 4 times each night so most students are
probably unaware how much their minds wander during lectures. Fourthly, itemization is an aid to
memory. Revision from notes is more thorough if the student knows “there are five points to be
remembered on this topic and seven on the other.”
5. The organization of a lecture will be clearer if the points are written on the board immediately after being
mentioned. Lecturers who are not confident of their ability on the blackboard are tempted to neglect it.
One way over this difficulty is to use an overhead projector which may show either normal handwriting
done at the time, or prepared acetate sheets which may be progressively displayed as the lecture
develops. Alternatively, a handout containing the main headings well spaced, with blanks in between for
the students to add supplementary detail, is useful; and since handouts may be passed on to absentees,
they are particularly valuable at the beginning of a course or at other times when it is important to convey
the organization of subject matter. Such displays of lecture organization (using the blackboard, overhead
projector, handouts, or possibly other methods such as flannel graphs and charts) play a particularly
important part in aiding comprehension when a flow diagram or other complex form is used because the
relations between possibly abstract ideas can be pointed out visually.
In brief, we can say that information must be organized in the students’ mind and not just in the lecturer's.
For questions 1-5 say which of the notes below (A-H) best sums up each of the first five
paragraphs. Indicate your answers on the separate answer sheet.
Note: There is only one answer to each question.
A Put it up on the blackboard!
B Ways of making key points clear
C Maintaining interest
D Clear structures important
E Wandering minds
F State structures at start
G Why ‘key points’ are useful
H Filling in the detail
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1. Đoạn 1
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2. Đoạn 2
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3. Đoạn 3
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4. Đoạn 4
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5. Đoạn 5
Section 1 — phần 2
For questions 6-10 you must choose the answer which you think best completes the unfinished the
statements about the text. On your answer sheet write the letter A, B, C or D for each question. Give one
answer only to each question.
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6. A clear idea of what a lecture is all about is important because
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7. Students are likely to take in a lecture better if the lecturer ______.
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8. Some lecturers do not like giving an outline of their lectures at the start because ______.
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9. Students whose minds wander easily ______.
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10. Lecturers can use an overhead projector ______.
Section 2
For questions 11-17, read the article and then answer the questions that follow.
AT HOME WITH BOOKS
In an age when literature is increasingly going digital, books hold a curious role in some people's homes. There are few purchases which, once used, are placed on proud display and carted round as families move from place to place. And yet that's precisely what sometimes happens with books, despite the existence of a digital equivalent. After all, both the music industry and other aspects of the print media have felt the heat of virtual competition - why not books? Part of the explanation for this may lie in the fact that, when it comes to the crunch, nosing around someone's bookshelves is interesting. 'You can tell a lot about someone by their collection of books,' says Doug Jeffers, owner of a London bookstore.
It's not just the quantity of titles on display, however, that speaks volumes; generation, occupation, political leanings, leisure pursuits (even where they go on holiday) - clues to all of these abound, if you care to analyse the contents of someone's bookshelves, and even casual visitors aren't slow to form judgements. Evidence of this manifested itself when the President of the USA made an informal call on the English Prime Minister at home recently, and for some reason the pair posed for photos in the kitchen. One of the snapshots was subsequently released to the press, and widely published. There then ensued speculation as to how the complete works of Shakespeare had ended up on the shelf in the background rather than a cookery book.
Household stylist Abigail Hall agrees. 'I often style houses for sale and you'd be amazed how important the contents of the bookcase can be.' Apparently, people use such clues to form judgements about the type of person who lives in a property that's up for sale, and this may affect how they feel about going ahead with the purchase. Perhaps we all seek out others whose tastes in such matters match our own, and we can imagine living happily in a space that like-minded people have made homely. And even if we're not thinking of putting our home on the market, instinct tells us that however much they were enjoyed, paperbacks read on the beach might be better put away in a cupboard, whilst the unopened classics are destined for display.
For the interior designer, however, the art of reputation-management-via-bookshelf is not the only issue. Books can also become an interactive display tool. 'They can almost be sculptural in that they offer a physical presence,' explains Abigail Hall. 'It's not just about stacking them on a bookcase, it's how you stack them. I've seen books arranged by colour, stacked on top of each other. Once I saw a load of coffee-table books piled up to become a coffee table in themselves. Books define a space, if you have some books and a comfy chair, you've immediately created an area.' It's a trick of which countless hotels, cafes and waiting rooms for fee-paying clients are only too aware. Placing a few carefully-chosen books atop coffee tables is about creating an ambiance. No one actually engages with the content.
And this principle can be transferred to the home. 'I've not actually read any of them. I just love the bindings.' So said the actress, Davinia Taylor, earlier this year when she decided to put her house on the market - complete with its carefully-sourced collection of classic books. Rarely removed from their perch on a bookcase in the living room, their primary purpose was to disguise Taylor's walk-in fridge. And so, with the fridge no longer destined to be a feature in her life, the books were deemed redundant.
Perhaps, then, the future of books lies in this. With more and more being bought in the undeniably handier digital format, the first casualties of the tangible variety are likely to be the beach-read paperbacks -
the ones that, if you invite Abigail Hall around, would be relegated to the garage anyway. But given the uses
to which we put our other tomes — whether they're deployed to show off, look pretty, or create an atmosphere
~ the odds of them hanging around look good. The kudos of great work is still there, and there's nothing like
being, and being seen to be, in possession of the real thing.
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11. In the first paragraph, the writer is P
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12. What does the mention of political figures in the second paragraph serve to illustrate?
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13. Abigail Hall's experience suggests that the books on show in a house for sale
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14. What is implied about interior designers in the fourth paragraph?
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15. Davinia Taylor no longer wants her books because
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16. In the last paragraph, the writer expresses
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17. What can be inferred from paragraph 5 about Davinia Taylor's books and her fridge?
Section 3
Five paragraphs have been removed from this article. Choose the most suitable
paragraph from the list A-E for each gap (18-22) in the article
BEAT THE CLOCK
When designer Jane Rodgers was called up by the boss of an internet start-up company serving the film
industry, she thought she knew what she was in for. “I researched the guy and his previous businesses,
bought a new suit and lied to my boss about having to leave early for doctor's appointment on Tuesday
evening.” Rodgers met her prospective employer not in his office but in a bar in Hoxton, an up-and-
coming area of East London. “imagine my surprise when, after five minutes of chitchat, first date
questions really, he leaned towards me, stared earnestly into my eyes and told me: ‘Jane, I think you're
the one.” I felt like it was me as a person that was being scrutinized.” He had neither seen her CV nor
told her what the job involved, but he was determined to hire her. She declined the offer.
“Personality is becoming increasingly important’ observes Andrew Swift of recruitment consultants Price
Jamieson. “There's a chronic staff skills shortage in areas such as new media, so companies are looking
at who will fit in with their culture, rather than who has experience. Technology is changing so fast anyway
that there's no point recruiting people who have today's skills. What we need are people with creative,
dynamic personalities who are not afraid to push forward into the unknown. “Traditional interview rules
are all well and good, but when people need staff in a hurry, they learn the benefits of intuition.”
19
London-based psychologist Ros Taylor has just interviewed the chief executives of 80 blue-chip
companies about the human side of running a successful business. “Really, to make a good impression,
you don't even get time to open your mouth,” she says, pointing out that often employers will be observing
a candidate from the moment they park their car outside the office. “An interviewer's response to you will
generally be pre-verbal — how you walk through the door, what your posture is like, whether you smile,
whether you have a captivating aura, whether you have a firm, confident handshake. You've got about
half a minute to make an impact and after that all you are doing is building on a good or bad first
impression.” Thirty seconds is hardly enough time to think consciously, Taylor adds: “It's a very emotional
response.”
20
Ben Williams, an occupational psychologist involved in interview training, doesn't agree that a candidate
has the luxury of 30 seconds. “I'd argue that it's more like a third of a second, which is basic human
reaction time. In that time, like animals, we make a judgement based on whether there is a perceived
threat, in which case our instinct is to run, or a favourable response, when we feel it's safe to approach.
Everything that happens after only backs that up.”
21
Psychologists call this tendency to fixate on character traits and overlook context the Fundamental
Attribution Error — that the way a person will behave in an interview situation reflects the way that person
will always behave. In other words, we don't need to know someone in order to believe that we do know
them.
22
Perhaps the job interview itself has become an outmoded concept. There's a joke doing the rounds of
personnel departments at the moment. A human resources officer gets a call from Satan: would she like
to work in Hell? She pops down for a meeting and likes what she sees — wild partying and champagne
flowing. “OK, when do I start?”. On Monday morning when she reports for work, Hell is a very different
place. There's no party, everyone is depressed. “What's happened to this place?’ she asks. Satan laughs.
“Oh that — that was just the job interview. You're an employee now."
- AExperts like Williams are often called in by employers to bring a more objective approach to recruitment; intuition is not a skill he seeks to encourage in his clients. “Things like psychometric testing are designed to limit the effect of first impressions. We also train interviewers to be aware of the ‘halo effect’ — when you instantly like someone and everything they subsequently reveal becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy because you only want to believe the good stuff.”
- BThe New Yorker recently looked into this issue. Malcolm Gladwell observed that job interviews are increasingly becoming encounters in which charisma and gut reaction are vital. “Hiring someone is essentially a romantic process. We are looking for someone with whom we have a certain chemistry, we want the unlimited promise of a love affair.” The structured interview, by contrast, seems to offer only the dry logic and practicality of an arranged marriage.
- CIn fact, Rodgers’ experience is not as unusual as it sounds. As the skills shortage in the new economy spirals out of control, your CV is likely to be the last thing on a prospective employer's mind. Last weekend, a study presented to the American Psychological Society in Miami revealed that most interviewers decide within a minute whether someone is suitable for the job. But this is by no means an American trend. Stressed-out British executives, faced with the longest working hours in Europe, are waking up to the wisdom of employing people who may not be qualified for the job but at least will be fun to work with when the team has to pull off an all-nighter.
- DAddie Churchill, who runs a PR company with clients including Carlton TV and Disney, admits she always goes on gut feeling. “It sounds like a dangerous thing to rely on but I have learned the hard way that if you get a strong vibe about someone, 99% of the time it’s accurate. I recently hired an account executive within moments of him walking through the door. I knew he was the right person because we just clicked, but I also knew he didn’t have the right experience, that it would take three months to knock him into shape. It was the right decision. It happens the other way round, of course — you instantly know someone is wrong for the job but have to go through the interview process anyway. Using gut feeling isn’t risky, but you need to know how to use it.”
- ESo is the job interview dead? Not quite. But research from the University of Toledo in America reveals that only the first 15 seconds really matter. Researchers interviewed 98 volunteers of various ages and backgrounds for 20 minutes; each interviewer then filled out a six-page evaluation of the candidate. Originally the study was to establish whether applicants who had been coached in body language would get better ratings than those who hadn't (they didn't) — but then another student decided to use interview videos to test out the idea that “the handshake is everything”. She took 15 seconds of footage, showing applicants as they knocked on the door, came in, shook the hand of the interviewer and sat down. Then she got a series of strangers to rate the applicants based on that clip, using the same criteria as were used in the longer interviews. Even with such a short tape, their ratings were very similar.
Bản in gốc thiếu dấu chỗ trống cho câu dưới đây — hãy trả lời ở ô này.
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18. Chỗ trống (18) trong bài ở trên
Sửa lỗi sai ERROR CORRECTION
Tìm từ sai trong bài và sửa lại cho đúng
Find out the TEN mistakes in the following passage and correct them.
Line 1 Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with your point of view. According to the ancient Greek philosophy Aristotle, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos, and logos.
Line 3 Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that she is a credible resource. An audience will consider a speaker credible if she seems trustworthy, reliable, and sincere. This can be done in many ways. For example, a speaker can develop ethos by explaining how much experienced or education she has in the field. After all, you would be more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a firefighter. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person who has their best interests by heart. If an audience cannot trust you, you will not be able to persuade him.
Line 10 Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a speaker who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from the terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, a charity organization that helps animals might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats. These images are deliberately intended to fill the viewers with pity. If the audience feels bad for the animals, they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, information, statistics, or other evidences to make your argument more convincing. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have data to back up your claims. For example, a commerce for soap might tell you that laboratory tests have shown that their soap kills all 7,000,000 of the bacterium living on your hands right now.
Line 19 Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when they are used together. Indeed, most speakers use a combination of ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade their audiences.
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10. Lỗi thứ 10
Viết WRITING
Bài viết tự luận — đối chiếu với bài mẫu và tiêu chí chấm
Section 1
The following words can be used in a number of different ways. Write THREE sentences exemplifying THREE different uses for each of them.
dedicated competing take apart simply association
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1. The following words can be used in a number of different ways. Write THREE sentences exemplifying THREE different uses for each of them.
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Section 2
Passing judgements on others on social networks, to some people, is truly freedom of expression. Others regard this as a sign of insensitivity.
Which of the two ideas do you support? Write an essay of 300 words to state your opinion.
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2. Passing judgements on others on social networks, to some people, is truly freedom of expression. Others regard this as a sign of insensitivity.
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