Unit 10 — Từ vựng C1-C2
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Giao tiếp và truyền thông
Bài mở rộng vốn từ về cách con người communicate và về the media (báo chí, truyền hình, xuất bản), nhiều từ mang sắc thái trang trọng hoặc báo chí đặc trưng trình độ C1–C2.
Động từ chỉ lời nói
Chú ý sắc thái: boast/brag (khoe khoang), contradict (phản bác), mumble/mutter (lầm bầm), stutter (nói lắp), snap at sb (gắt gỏng), flatter (nịnh), protest one's innocence (một mực kêu oan).
Từ vựng truyền thông
correspondent (phóng viên thường trú), presenter/newsreader, coverage (việc đưa tin), caption (chú thích ảnh), trailer (đoạn giới thiệu phim), spine (gáy sách), pre-recorded (thu sẵn), leaflet (tờ rơi).
Cụm động từ (phrasal verbs)
pass on (chuyển lời), let out / let slip (buột miệng), talk round (thuyết phục xuôi theo), get across / put across (truyền đạt), catch on (hiểu ra hoặc trở nên phổ biến), shout down (la ó át đi).
Thành ngữ & cụm cố định
it goes without saying (khỏi phải nói), read between the lines (đọc ẩn ý), off the record (không chính thức), put pen to paper (bắt đầu viết), to the letter (đúng từng chữ), written all over your face (lộ rõ trên mặt).
Tổng điểm: 0/163
Theory / Reference
Unit 10 reference content covering the core vocabulary and patterns used in the exercises.
Reference pages 76-77
Topic Vocabulary: Communication
allege, ambiguous, assert, blurt, boast, clarification, colloquial, comprehend, confide, confirm, context, contradict, convey, declare, denounce, disclose, exaggerate, flatter, gist, hint, illegible, inkling, insist, jargon, literal, mumble, murmur, petition, placard, quibble, rant, rave, relevant, scribble, slang, stumble, stutter, tip, utter, vague
Topic Vocabulary: The Media
anchor, broadcast, caption, columnist, correspondent, coverage, critic, footnote, ghostwriter, handbook, manifesto, novelist, pamphlet, prerecorded, reviewer, spine, subtitles, supplement, tabloid, trailer
Phrasal Verbs
blurt out, catch on, come out (with), dry up, get across, get around, get through (to), let on, pass on, put across / over, set down, shout down, speak out, talk over, talk round
Phrases, Patterns and Collocations
answer to sb, give sb an answer; have / get into an argument; read sb like a book, by the book; have a discussion about / on; to the letter; take notice of, at short notice, until further notice; put sth on paper; put pen to paper; out of print, in print; take sth as read; on / off the record, set the record straight; have your say, go without saying; speak well / highly / badly of, speak your mind; on speaking terms, have a talk; tell the truth, tell a lie; come to an understanding; spread the word, from the word go
Idioms
big mouth, come clean, get / catch sb's drift, get sth off your chest, get the wrong end of the stick, give sb your word, hear sth on / through the grapevine, keep sb posted, keep sth under your hat, lay / put your cards on the table, speak volumes, tell tales
Word Formation
declare / declaration / undeclared; edit / editor / editorially; exclaim / exclamation / exclamatory; express / expression / expressionless / expressionist; hear / overhear / hearsay; imply / implication / implicit / implicitly; insist / insistence / insistent; mean / meaning / meaningful / meaningless; phrase / rephrase / paraphrase; print / reprint / printer / imprint / unprintable; public / publication / publicity / publicist / publicly; speak / speaker / spokesman / outspoken / outspokenly; state / restate / overstate / understate / statement; suggest / suggestion / suggestible / suggestive / suggestively; talk / talkative; type / typecast / typewriter / typeset; word / reword / wording / wordy / wordlessly; write / rewrite / written / writings / writer / unwritten
Exercise A — Topic vocabulary: Communication
Complete using the correct form of the words in the boxes.
boast • contradict • exaggerate • flatter
1. I think Dave's ___ the magazine's importance. It actually has a very small readership.
2. Caroline said the hotel was fantastic and then Paul immediately ___ her and said it wasn't actually very nice at all.
3. I know Suzanne's wealthy but there's no need for her to ___ about it to everyone all the time.
4. Adam said I could be a professional model but I think he was just ___ me.
allege • assert • insist • utter
5. The politician has continually ___ his innocence.
6. As your lawyer, I ___ on your telling me the truth.
7. Thompson is ___ to have accepted a bribe from a local businesswoman.
8. Don't ___ a single word until you've spoken to your lawyer.
confide • confirm • convey • disclose
9. You know you can ___ in me at any time, don't you?
10. We would like to ___ that your application has been approved.
11. Your password will not be ___ to any third party.
12. I can't begin to ___ how sorry I am for the trouble I've caused.
mumble • murmur • stumble • stutter
13. I could hear the audience ___ but couldn't make out any distinct comments.
14. It's so embarrassing when a newsreader ___ over their words.
15. I stood there ___ in shock, unable to think of anything sensible to say.
16. Please don't ___ when you're talking to me. Open your mouth when you talk!
quibble • rant • rave • scribble
17. Linda was ___ about that new sitcom on ITV. She said it's hilarious.
18. Stop ___ on the desk!
19. There's no point ___ over the bill. It's only a few euros more than we thought it would be anyway.
20. When my boss gets in a bad mood, she just ___ at everybody.
clarification • context • gist • tip
21. Here's a ___ for all budding writers out there. Never let the truth get in the way of a good story!
22. Please do contact me if you require further ___ on any of these issues.
23. I understood the ___ of her argument, but I can't say I understood all the fine points.
24. They quoted me completely out of ___. I didn't mean that at all.
Exercise B
Select the correct word.
(1) Are you fed up with complicated ___ in official documents that's impossible to fully…
(2) …impossible to fully ___?
(3) Do you hear politicians use ___ and…
(4) …and ___ language and realise you haven't got…
(5) …haven't got a/an ___ what they really mean?
(6) Do you find doctors' handwriting ___ on prescriptions?
(7) We ___ all uses of language that confuse rather than explain.
(8) Let's be ___. A lot of people in public life could do much better.
(9) Sign our ___ today and make your feelings clear.
Exercise C — Topic vocabulary: The media
Write a word from the box in each gap.
anchor • broadcast • caption • correspondent • coverage • footnote • pamphlet • prerecorded • spine • trailer
anchor • broadcast • caption • correspondent • coverage • footnote • pamphlet • prerecorded • spine • trailer
1. The programme doesn't go out live. It's ___.
2. And now let's go over to our political ___, who's live at Westminster.
3. The title of a book is usually printed on the cover and on the ___.
4. I'd really love to be the main ___ hosting a national, nightly news show.
5. There's usually massive media ___ when a celebrity couple splits up.
6. I haven't seen the film yet but I saw the ___; it looks quite interesting.
7. There's no ___ under this photo so I don't know who it's of.
8. If you think I need to provide more detail, I'll add a short ___ at the bottom of the page.
9. I think they ___ the show live usually, don't they?
10. Someone in the street gave me a small ___ about energy conservation at home.
Exercise D
Write a word from the box in the correct form in each gap.
columnist • critic • ghostwriter • handbook • manifesto • novelist • reviewer • subtitles • supplement • tabloid
columnist • critic • ghostwriter • handbook • manifesto • novelist • reviewer • subtitles • supplement • tabloid
Freelance writing
When you're a freelance writer, there are many varied opportunities open to you. You may be working on that great work of fiction and know that within a couple of years you'll be regarded as a hugely successful (1)___. But until then there are bills to be paid. The Sunday colour (2)___ are filled with feature articles. They all have to be written, and they're often written by freelancers. Offer your services. Know two languages? Consider doing the (3)___ for foreign films and TV programmes. They're usually commissioned on a film-by-film basis. Enjoy politics? Offer to help a political party to produce its next (4)___ – for a small fee, of course. Like technology? Someone has to write the instructions or (5)___ that comes with every piece of equipment we buy. It could be you! Set yourself up as a gossip (6)___, film (7)___, or book (8)___ for a small local newspaper. Once you've got some pieces behind you, you can move on to a bigger paper, or even a national (9)___. And when you've made a few contacts and had a few things published, there's a fair amount of work out there for (10)___ – people who write celebrities' autobiographies for them.(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
Exercise E — Phrasal verbs
Write a phrasal verb from the box in the correct form in each gap.
blurt out • dry up • get across • pass on • shout down • speak out • talk over • talk round
blurt out • dry up • get across • pass on • shout down • speak out • talk over • talk round
1. Could you ___ the message to Darren when you see him, please?
2. I knew it was supposed to be a secret but I just ___ it ___ before I could stop myself!
3. Rudy was really opposed to the idea at the start, but we managed to ___ him ___ in the end.
4. I've tried to explain to Sean how I feel several times, but I just can't seem to ___ my point of view ___.
5. Dave and I ___ the whole thing ___ last night and we've agreed to have separate holidays this year.
6. All of us who oppose this new road need to ___ against it as loudly and clearly as we can.
7. The Minister was ___ by protestors angry at the government's proposals.
8. My speech is okay but I just hope I don't ___ as soon as I get to the podium.
Exercise F
Write one word in each gap.
1. No one's supposed to know yet, so don't ___ on, whatever you do!
2. The magazine ___ out every Friday.
3. News ___ around very fast in this town!
4. I couldn't believe it when Jake ___ out with the news that he was going to move to Australia.
5. You'll need to ___ your views across extremely diplomatically otherwise some people might take offence.
6. We've ___ down our beliefs and policies very clearly in our latest manifesto.
7. Everyone except Meg ___ on immediately that I was only joking.
8. I've been trying to explain the situation to Ben for weeks but I just don't seem to be able to ___ through to him.
Exercise G
Phrasal verbs with down, such as shout down, are sometimes connected to the idea of 'defeating someone or being defeated'. Tick the phrasal verbs which are also connected to a similar idea.
1. Rose marked down her ideas in a notebook in case she forgot.
2. With my arthritis, it's actually quite difficult to bend down.
3. I almost broke down in tears when I heard the news.
4. If the vote goes the wrong way, it could bring down the government.
5. The council's planning to clamp down on youths drinking in the streets.
6. The Minister was forced to climb down in the face of so much evidence against his position.
7. The government's planning to crack down on anti-social behaviour.
8. I was in such a hurry, I just gobbled down my breakfast and left.
9. Both Jo and I went down with food poisoning on the first day of the holiday.
10. I'll just jot down a few notes while we talk.
11. Gareth really let me down when he told Andrea what I'd told him in confidence.
12. Dave didn't want to get married at first, but I've managed to wear him down!
Exercise H — Phrases, patterns and collocations
Write one word in each gap.
1. Obviously it goes ___ saying that I don't want you to tell anyone else about this.
2. Reading ___ the lines, it seems that the government's considering tightening media regulations.
3. I'm afraid that book's ___ of print, but I'll see if we can find a second-hand copy for you somewhere.
4. I followed your instructions ___ the letter but I still couldn't get the printer to work properly.
5. Getting Elaine to edit your article is just asking ___ trouble; you know how pedantic and opinionated she is!
6. ___ answer to your question, no, I have never had any business dealings with Mr Partridge.
7. Even if you've got a great idea for a novel, it's incredibly hard putting pen ___ paper for the first time.
8. Put your ideas down ___ paper and we'll discuss them at the next meeting.
9. You've had some good news, haven't you? It's written all ___ your face!
Exercise I
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Use between three and eight words, including the word given.
1. The adverts look exactly the same as the articles in this magazine. difference
It's impossible ___ the adverts in this magazine.
It's impossible ___ the adverts in this magazine.
2. I assume you've checked your facts carefully. read
I ___ you've checked your facts carefully.
I ___ you've checked your facts carefully.
3. You've got to persuade the editor not to publish that story. out
You've got to ___ that story.
You've got to ___ that story.
4. Terry and I started arguing about the situation in the Middle East. into
___ about the situation in the Middle East.
___ about the situation in the Middle East.
5. I'm sure we'll be able to agree on this matter. understanding
I'm sure we'll be able to ___ on this matter.
I'm sure we'll be able to ___ on this matter.
6. I'd discuss this with Phil before making a final decision. discussion
I'd ___ before making a final decision.
I'd ___ before making a final decision.
Exercise J
For each question, write one word which can be used in all three sentences.
1.
All of your managers seem to ___ very highly of you.
There were no problems to ___ of with the printing.
As an investigative journalist, I'm a bit of a crusader, so to ___.
All of your managers seem to ___ very highly of you.
There were no problems to ___ of with the printing.
As an investigative journalist, I'm a bit of a crusader, so to ___.
2.
Do please spread the ___ about my new website.
I think you should have a ___ with Sue about this.
I knew from the ___ go this book would be difficult to write.
Do please spread the ___ about my new website.
I think you should have a ___ with Sue about this.
I knew from the ___ go this book would be difficult to write.
3.
Helen and I are barely on ___ terms these days.
Generally ___, we liked your screenplay very much.
Well, ___ as someone who's in the public eye constantly, I must say I do value my privacy.
Helen and I are barely on ___ terms these days.
Generally ___, we liked your screenplay very much.
Well, ___ as someone who's in the public eye constantly, I must say I do value my privacy.
4.
Many politicians will only speak to journalists if their comments are off the ___.
I'd appreciate the chance to set the ___ straight on this matter.
We're trying to compile a ___ of all previous holders of the post.
Many politicians will only speak to journalists if their comments are off the ___.
I'd appreciate the chance to set the ___ straight on this matter.
We're trying to compile a ___ of all previous holders of the post.
5.
When you stop being prime minister, not many people take any ___ of what you think any more.
The library will be closed until further ___.
They contacted me at very short ___ and said I had to go to South America to report on the elections there.
When you stop being prime minister, not many people take any ___ of what you think any more.
The library will be closed until further ___.
They contacted me at very short ___ and said I had to go to South America to report on the elections there.
6.
No politician ever tells the complete truth in my ___.
Don't break any rules – just do it by the ___.
I always know what Fred's thinking – I can read him like a ___.
No politician ever tells the complete truth in my ___.
Don't break any rules – just do it by the ___.
I always know what Fred's thinking – I can read him like a ___.
7.
Mr Davis has so far refused to ___ the charges that have been levelled against him.
When you're self-employed, you don't have to ___ to anyone but yourself.
We believe this new radio show will ___ the needs of all those who wish to take part in current affairs discussions in the afternoon.
Mr Davis has so far refused to ___ the charges that have been levelled against him.
When you're self-employed, you don't have to ___ to anyone but yourself.
We believe this new radio show will ___ the needs of all those who wish to take part in current affairs discussions in the afternoon.
Exercise K — Idioms
Each of the words in bold is in the wrong sentence. Write the correct word on the line.
1. Don't tell Irene any of your secrets. She's got a very big grapevine!
2. Keep me clean about any developments.
3. Billy, stop telling drift about your sister.
4. The Minister's disappearance speaks cards about his involvement in the corruption scandal.
5. I heard through the tales that you and Rick are thinking of splitting up.
6. Get it off your word and tell me exactly what's wrong.
7. You should just put your hat on the table and tell them you're leaving unless they give you a pay rise.
8. Keep it under your stick, but Julie's going to have a baby.
9. I wasn't sure whether to tell you, but then I thought it was best to come posted about it myself before you found out from someone else.
10. I give you my mouth that I won't tell anybody.
11. If I catch your volumes, you're saying you're leaving me. Is that right?
12. Eddie thought I was a football fan – he must have got completely the wrong end of the chest.
Exercise L — Word formation
Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals.
1. She stood there completely ___, so I had no idea at all what she was thinking. EXPRESS
2. Film studios spend millions of dollars on ___ for new movies. PUBLIC
3. That news conference was ___ boring! SPEAK
4. I'm not very keen on the ___ of this dictionary definition. WORD
5. The problem with Michael is that he's just so ___ – he never shuts up! TALK
6. I don't think you should have any ___ marks in your PhD dissertation. EXCLAIM
7. Any actor who becomes known for one role is in danger of becoming ___. TYPE
8. Advertising is particularly effective on people who are highly ___. SUGGEST
9. There are so many vague words in this article that I think it's ___. PRINT
10. Rose was extremely ___ that we rewrite the introduction. INSIST
Exercise M
The prefix over-, as in overstate, is used with many nouns, adjectives and verbs to suggest the idea of 'too much'. Tick the words that can take over- to mean 'too much'.
1. act
2. book
3. cook
4. crowded
5. do
6. dressed
7. excited
8. grown
9. heat
10. priced
11. protective
12. rate
13. react
14. read
15. spend
16. step
17. stretched
18. surprised
19. try
20. weight
Exercise N
Complete the sentences using words with over- from Exercise M.
1. The rice and sauce were okay, but I thought the chicken was a little ___ and tough.
2. Everyone else was in jeans and T-shirts – I felt completely ___.
3. I've ___ this month and haven't got any money left!
4. Calm down! You're getting ___!
5. You've really ___ the mark this time. How could you be so thoughtless?
6. The house is in good condition, but the garden is completely ___ and needs a lot of work.
7. The doctor said I was ___ so she's put me on a diet.
8. It's a nice vase, but I think it's a bit ___. Let's find something cheaper.
Exercise O
Use the word given in capitals at the end of the line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.
The (1)___ 'never judge a book by its cover' could not be more true for Ridiculous Rules by Marjorie Allen. The cover is completely blank, whereas the book is crammed full of wonderful examples and anecdotes. Allen is an (2)___ critic of much of what is taught to native and non-native speakers of English, and has issued a (3)___ of war against textbooks and style books which tell lies.
Take the ridiculous and (4)___ rule of never ending a sentence with a preposition. The lovely – if famous – story goes, that Winston Churchill, well known for his numerous (5)___ as well as for being British Prime Minister during the Second World War, received a manuscript back from an ignorant (6)___, who had told him rather rudely that he had to (7)___ a sentence which ended with a preposition. Churchill responded by making the simple yet forceful (8)___ in the margin: 'This is an impertinence up with which I will not put.' – the (9)___ being that not to end a sentence with a preposition often sounds ridiculous in English. Sadly, Allen informs us that the story is probably mere (10)___, and that Churchill may have actually only written 'rubbish' in the margin.
Take the ridiculous and (4)___ rule of never ending a sentence with a preposition. The lovely – if famous – story goes, that Winston Churchill, well known for his numerous (5)___ as well as for being British Prime Minister during the Second World War, received a manuscript back from an ignorant (6)___, who had told him rather rudely that he had to (7)___ a sentence which ended with a preposition. Churchill responded by making the simple yet forceful (8)___ in the margin: 'This is an impertinence up with which I will not put.' – the (9)___ being that not to end a sentence with a preposition often sounds ridiculous in English. Sadly, Allen informs us that the story is probably mere (10)___, and that Churchill may have actually only written 'rubbish' in the margin.
(1) SAY
(2) SPEAK
(3) DECLARE
(4) MEAN
(5) WRITE
(6) EDIT
(7) PHRASE
(8) STATE
(9) IMPLY
(10) HEAR
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