Unit 26 — Từ vựng C1-C2
📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Bài từ vựng này xoay quanh hai chủ đề: mong muốn – cảm xúc – sở thích (desire, craving, obsession, aspiration) và thời gian rảnh – giải trí (leisure, recreation, pastimes). Trọng tâm là phân biệt các từ gần nghĩa, collocations, phrasal verbs và thành ngữ đúng sắc thái.
Từ gần nghĩa – phân biệt sắc thái
Chú ý cặp dễ nhầm: greedy (tham ăn) và obsessed (ám ảnh); anticipation (chờ đợi háo hức) và aspiration (khát vọng); arbitrary (tuỳ tiện) và optional (tuỳ chọn); mediocre (tầm thường về chất lượng) và mundane (nhàm chán, đời thường); craving/yearn (thèm khát mãnh liệt), compulsory (bắt buộc). She sacrificed her career; a tempting offer; a drug addiction.
Collocations và động từ
Các cụm hay gặp: appeal to sb (hấp dẫn ai), delight in doing, adore/dedicate to, strive towards a goal, differentiate between, decline an invitation, a fascination with, have a taste/liking for. Cấu tạo từ: desire → desirable, pursue → pursuit, obsess → obsession, leisure → leisurely, select → selective, zeal → zealous.
Phrasal verbs
Nhóm về nhạc/sở thích: grow on sb (dần thấy thích), get into sth (bắt đầu mê), tune up, put in (work), go off sth (hết thích), build up (a collection). Nhóm nghĩa "lao vào, dấn thân": throw yourself into, launch into, break into, rush into, enter into – đều mang nghĩa bắt đầu tham gia một hoạt động/tình huống.
Thành ngữ về nghỉ ngơi và bốc đồng
put your feet up (ngả lưng nghỉ), let your hair down (thả lỏng vui chơi), the life and soul of the party (linh hồn bữa tiệc), variety is the spice of life, set your heart on (quyết tâm có được), at a loose end (rảnh không biết làm gì), on a whim/impulse (bốc đồng), time on your hands (nhiều thời gian rảnh), a couch potato (người lười vận động), recharge your batteries (nạp lại năng lượng).
Tổng điểm: 0/176
Theory and Reference
A. Choose the correct answer.
1. Although she would have preferred to carry on working, my mum __________ her career in order to have children. Options: A devoted / B repealed / C sacrificed / D abolished
2. I find the offer quite __________, but I think I'd rather study at Oxford. Options: A tempting / B desirous / C inclined / D envious
3. I don't normally like noisy clubs, but I had a sudden __________ to see what the Blue Parrot was like. Options: A force / B motive / C pressure / D impulse
4. Jerry loves snowboarding so much that it's almost like a drug __________. Options: A passion / B obsession / C addiction / D requirement
5. I don't want to do the course in applied statistics, but it's __________. Options: A compulsory / B inevitable / C bound / D indecisive
6. Don't worry about me - I'm quite __________ to sit here and wait for you to come back. Options: A ecstatic / B content / C joyful / D contented
7. When I was pregnant, I often got a sudden __________ for tinned sardines. Options: A preference / B craving / C envy / D greed
8. Thank you for thinking of us, but I'm afraid we're going to have to __________ your kind invitation. Options: A decline / B deny / C condemn / D reject
9. I've never seen anyone so __________ to their job as Philip is. Options: A eager / B keen / C dedicated / D interested
10. Why do you have such a __________ with model railways? Options: A desire / B fascination / C love / D preference
11. I wish you would stop wasting so much time on computer games and do something a little more __________. Options: A welcome / B enviable / C feasible / D worthwhile
12. Olivia has always __________ to return to the country she was born in. Options: A favoured / B yearned / C urged / D inclined
B. Complete using the correct form of the words in the box: adore, appeal, bear, delight, differentiate, fancy, favour, praise, resolve, strive, urge, welcome.
1. Trisha suggested going to Indonesia, but the idea didn't really __________ to me.
2. Young children seem to __________ in showing things they've made at school to their parents.
3. Francis obviously __________ his three children and will do anything for them.
4. I think I just __________ getting a DVD and staying in tonight.
5. The firefighters __________ Mrs Collins for her quick thinking when the fire broke out.
6. We would __________ anyone who values personal freedom to vote against this proposal.
7. The Prime Minister __________ the suggestion from the leader of the opposition and said that the government would consider it carefully.
8. I don't know how Liz can __________ to work at that place.
9. It's important to have clear goals to __________ towards.
10. Parents should try to treat all their children equally and not __________ one over another.
11. It's quite easy to __________ between margarine and butter because butter has a creamier taste.
12. The Board of Directors has __________ to increase sales by at least 20% over the coming year.
C. Select the correct word.
1. Share your chocolate with your brother and don't be so greedy / obsessed.
2. Claudia's completely greedy / obsessed with Jack and doesn't talk about anything else these days.
3. I smiled in anticipation / aspiration as the waiter brought the desserts to our table.
4. Joining the Air Force has always been an anticipation / aspiration of mine.
5. These two day trips are included in the price of the tour, while the third is arbitrary / optional and costs 50 euros extra.
6. We don't have any information about the hotels, so we'll just have to make an arbitrary / optional decision.
7. If you look at Madeleine's house, it's obvious she has a lot of liking / taste.
8. I've always had a liking / taste for Naomi, ever since she moved in next door.
9. Life in this small town is really quite mediocre / mundane and I can't wait to move to the big city.
10. I thought her latest book was mediocre / mundane compared to the others, which I really enjoyed.
11. Eva got everything she had ever envied / desired when she married a rich businessman.
12. I envy / desire people who can just walk into a room full of strangers and feel at home.
D. If the word in bold is correct, write tick. If it is incorrect, replace it with one of the words in bold from the other sentences.
1. It should be quite a sedentary event, so don't dress up too much.
2. Without enough leisure time, people begin to suffer from stress and solitude.
3. I get 25 days a year venue, which is probably about average.
4. The new Arts Centre should be a great outing for concerts.
5. Last time I had a day off, we went on a family lifestyle to the beach.
6. Kids just wouldn't fit in with my fatigue, so I don't plan to have any at the moment.
7. I like to be quite active when I've got time off because my job is quite absorbing.
8. I find nothing so relaxing as reading a really casual book.
9. Work's so tedious that I can't wait to meet my friends in the evening.
10. The most relaxing things about getting away to the mountains are the peace and leave.
E. Complete using the correct form of the words in the box: exhilarating, idle, indulge, pastime, pursue, recreation, respite, socialise, trivial, unwind.
1. During the first half of the nineteenth century, more and more people were employed in factories, working 14- or 15-hour days that left them little time for hobbies, sport or any other form of __________.
2. ... and meant they weren't able to __________ with friends.
3. A key breakthrough in Britain came with the Ten Hour Act (1847), which limited the working day and ensured that workers got some __________ from their jobs.
4. People now had at least some time to __________ from work at the end of the day ...
5. ... and __________ themselves.
6. Many members of the middle class hated the idea of the workers being __________ ...
7. ... and believed that they would waste their time on __________ matters ...
8. ... instead of __________ productive activities, such as education or going to church.
9. The workers, however, found the new freedom __________ ...
10. ... and threw themselves into new __________ with enthusiasm.
F. Match to make sentences. Write the letter only.
1. 1. I suppose I spend a lot of time just hanging ... / A in some fantastic areas of natural beauty. B for active pastimes; I much prefer reading. C about with all the equipment all day. D a whole month off and just travel. E out with friends in the town centre. F in good spots to go windsurfing. G around fishing or my other main hobby, water polo. H up a few songs after just a couple of lessons on the guitar.
2. 2. The best thing about camping is just messing ...
3. 3. Since I'm self-employed, I'm able to take ...
4. 4. Drew spends a lot of time seeking ...
5. 5. Most of my leisure time seems to centre ...
6. 6. The tour we're going on next week takes ...
7. 7. I'm not one of those people who go in ...
8. 8. With a bit of practice, I picked ...
G. Complete using a phrasal verb.
1. I don't have much money these days, so it's hard to __________ my music collection.
2. If you're __________ Amanda this weekend, why don't you go to the Popwave festival?
3. I didn't like this CD at first, but now I'm really __________ it.
4. Carl and I just spent the whole day __________ listening to music.
5. I'm still not sure about this track, but I think it's starting to __________ me.
6. Before the concert started, we could hear the band __________ off stage.
7. I used to love this band, but I've __________ them since the lead singer left.
8. You can tell they've __________ a lot of hard work when you listen to their latest album.
H. Tick the sentences where the phrasal verb has a meaning connected to becoming involved in an activity or situation. Write tick or leave blank as no.
1. I love watching TV, but it does bite into my free time.
2. Jordan was relieved when she finally broke into the music business.
3. When you're flying a model aeroplane, the important thing is not to crash into anything!
4. The council have entered into discussions on building a new sports centre in town.
5. To access the online games network, key your username and password into the box below.
6. Think carefully before you rush into such a long-term agreement.
7. Kelly launched into a detailed account of her plans for the summer.
8. Pete is always taking up new hobbies and he really throws himself into them.
I. One word in each sentence is incorrect. Write the correct word.
1. It's the boss's birthday next Wednesday, and there's a rumour we might be taken the day off.
2. I know you'd rather I took up a sport, but it's not your choice to do.
3. Some of the courses are compulsory, so we can't just pick and select whatever we like.
4. If you won't give me a pay rise, then I shall have to think my options.
5. The council said they had no option apart to close the sports centre.
6. Angela travels a lot and is only very eager to experience new places.
7. Jake's been practising as mad to impress the others in the band.
8. I can't believe the judge just let the accused be free like that.
9. I've decided in favour for joining the local swimming team.
10. You should plan things more carefully and not just act with impulse all the time.
J. Select the correct word.
1. There is no doubt technology and shorter working hours have got / let / set people free to enjoy their leisure time more than ever before.
2. Many people do / have / make the leisure to pursue hobbies and other activities ...
3. ... activities they like / prefer / want to the work routine.
4. What leisure activities will people choose / decide / opt for in the future?
5. We can expect to see increased personal choice / decision / option.
6. The range of leisure actions / hobbies / pursuits will expand ...
7. ... and people will have the decision / option / preference of following up an interest in almost any activity.
8. Whether at home or at enjoyment / leisure / relaxation centres ...
9. ... there will be an ever-increasing need to provide for people at play / recreation / rest.
10. If the future is not one of increased leisure, then it won't be for need / desire / want of demand.
K. For each question, write one word which can be used in all three sentences.
1. To our ___ ; takes great ___ ; laughed in ___.
2. exercise ___ ; no ___ but to cancel ; a wide ___.
3. meet the ___ ; no ___ of advice ; in ___ of financial investment.
4. describe the ___ ; in bad ___ ; acquired ___.
5. quite ___ for our son ; especially ___ on football ; a ___ interest.
6. spent a lot of time ___ by myself ; accused of ___ for time ; capable of ___ practically anything by ear.
7. full of ___ ; deserve ___ ; in ___ of the Prime Minister's stand.
8. decided to ___ ; ___ your bike against the gate ; ___ assured that ...
L. Complete using the words in the box: batteries, end, feet, hair, heart, party, potato, spice, time, whim.
1. Come and put your __________ up for five minutes and I'll make a cup of tea.
2. Yes, let's go and let our __________ down a bit, shall we?
3. Yes, he really is the life and soul of the __________.
4. Well, they do say that variety is the __________ of life.
5. No. He really had his __________ set on playing for them.
6. Well, I've been at a loose __________ since I finished the book I was reading.
7. No. I got to the travel agent's and just decided to go there on a __________.
8. I guess I must have had a lot of __________ on my hands.
9. I think she's in danger of becoming a bit of a couch __________.
10. I went away for a few days to recharge my __________.
M. Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals.
1. The cricket ground and the theatre make this a very __________ area to live in. DESIRE
2. My family have always gone in for traditional country __________, such as hunting, shooting and fishing. PURSUE
3. What I like about Stravinsky's music is the __________ complexity, which has a powerful effect on the listener. RHYTHM
4. After ten matches, we had the __________ record of played ten, won none, lost ten. ENVY
5. ... I don't think you can afford to be so __________. CHOOSE
6. You don't need to be quite so __________ in your work ... ZEAL
7. ... you're going to have to be a bit __________. SELECT
8. After dinner, we went for a __________ stroll along the seafront. LEISURE
9. We're only two weeks into the school holidays and already my children are __________. REST
10. ... this latest game has become almost an __________. OBSESS
N. Write a word formed from the words in the box in each gap: available, do, motive, play, prefer, relax, satisfy, sport, stimulate, tend.
1. It's impossible to (1) __________ the importance of getting active as a family.
2. We all have a (2) __________ to start off with good intentions ...
3. ... and then lose our (3) __________.
4. Playing and exercising together as a family can help you through those moments when you are (4) __________ with your progress.
5. Don't (5) __________ it.
6. Whatever your (6) __________ activity ...
7. ... switch to a more (7) __________ activity ...
8. Children these days get a lot of (8) __________ from the fast-moving worlds of television ...
9. Contact Marlston Council to find out about the (9) __________ of facilities where you live.
10. Playing a sport together will teach your children about fair play, (10) __________, and working with others.
O. Form the noun and identify whether it takes -ance or -ence. Write both, for example: acceptance -ance.
1. accept
2. allow
3. annoy
4. appear
5. assist
6. attend
7. avoid
8. clear
9. correspond
10. depend
11. differ
12. disturb
13. endure
14. exist
15. guide
16. ignore
17. inherit
18. insist
19. insure
20. interfere
21. occur
22. perform
23. persist
24. reassure
25. refer
26. rely
27. resemble
28. resist
29. tolerate
30. utter
P. Complete the sentences using words formed in exercise O.
1. Do you think you could help me? I'm having real problems with this and I think I need some __________.
2. There's such a close __________ between Mikey and his father, don't you think?
3. I use the Internet quite a bit now for looking up information and I don't really use the __________ books on my shelves.
4. The head teacher was walking past the classroom door when she heard a loud __________ coming from inside.
5. You need to be really fit to be able to complete an __________ race like the marathon.
6. You might feel like giving up, but keep practising and you'll be amazed at what a little __________ can achieve.
7. This football team has a proud tradition and has been in __________ since 1890.
8. There was a lot of __________ from local people to the government's plans to knock down the stadium.
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