📘 Giải thích tiếng Việt
Chủ đề: Truyền thông (The media)
Bài này gồm từ vựng về báo chí, phát thanh, truyền hình. Chú ý các cặp dễ nhầm: deny (phủ nhận) và refuse (từ chối); agree và accept; headline (tít báo) và heading (tiêu đề mục); tabloid (báo lá cải) và broadsheet (báo khổ lớn nghiêm túc); journalist (nhà báo nói chung) và columnist (người viết chuyên mục); announcer (phát thanh viên) và commentator (bình luận viên); press/media; channel/broadcast.
Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs)
Các cụm quan trọng: bring up (nêu ra chủ đề), come out (được xuất bản), flick through (lướt nhanh qua các trang), go into (đi sâu vào chi tiết), look up (tra cứu thông tin), make up (bịa ra), make out (nhận ra khó khăn; giả vờ), put forward (đề xuất), see through (nhìn thấu sự giả dối), stand out (nổi bật).
Cụm từ và word patterns
Học theo cụm: in/take/under control, make a difference to, tell the difference between, take sth for granted (coi là điều hiển nhiên), have an influence on, on the Internet, in the news / on the news, in my view. Mẫu câu cần nhớ: according to sb, likely to do, persuade sb to do / that / of sth, believe in sth, comment on sth.
Tạo từ (Word formation)
Nắm họ từ: inform → information, informative; believe → belief, unbelievable; communicate → communication, communicative; convince → convinced, convincing; journal → journalist, journalism; politics → political, politician; power → powerful, powerless, empower.
Theory
Topic vocabulary in contrast
| Words often confused | ||
|---|---|---|
| deny / refuse | talk show / quiz show / game show | press / media |
| agree / accept | announcer / commentator | programme / program |
| headline / heading | tabloid / broadsheet | channel / broadcast |
| feature / article | journalist / columnist | bulletin / newsflash |
Phrasal verbs
| bring up | start discussing a subject |
| come on | start to be broadcast |
| come out | be published |
| fill in | add information in the spaces on a document |
| flick through | turn and look at the pages of a magazine, etc quickly |
| go into | deal with sth in detail |
| hand out | give things to people in a group |
| look up | try to find information in a book or list, etc |
| make out | pretend that sth is true; see, hear or understand sb or sth with difficulty |
| make up | invent an explanation, excuse, etc; create a story, poem, etc |
| put forward | suggest |
| see through | recognise that sth is not true and not be tricked by it |
| stand out | be easy to see because of being different |
| turn over | turn a page so that the other side is towards you |
Phrases and collocations
| control | in control (of sth); take control (of sth); under control; under the control of sb; out of control |
| description | give a description of sth/sb |
| difference | make a difference (to sth/sb); tell the difference (between); there's no/some/little/etc difference between |
| granted | take sth/sb for granted |
| influence | influence sth/sb; have/be an influence on sth/sb |
| Internet | on the Internet; over the Internet; surf the Internet |
| news | in the news; on the news; hear the news; newsflash; newspaper |
| place | take place; in place of; at a place |
| question | ask/answer a question; question sth/sb; in question; question mark |
| view | have/hold/take a view; be sb's view that; in my view; in view of; look at/see the view; view of sth; view from sth/swh |
| watch | watch sth/sb; watch (out) for sth/sb; keep watch |
Word patterns
| according to sb | inform sb that; inform sb about/of sth |
| announce sth (to sb); announce that | likely to do; likely that |
| believe sth; believe in sth; believe that; believe to be | persuade sb to do; persuade sb that; persuade sb of sth |
| comment on sth; make a comment (to sb) about sth | point (in) doing |
| confuse sth/sb with sth/sb; confused about/by sth | send sb sth; send sth (to sb) |
| correspond with sth/sb | surprise by surprise; surprised at/by sth |
| describe sth/sb as; describe sth/sb to sb | tell sb sth; tell sb that; tell sb about sth/doing; tell sb (not) to do |
| hear sth/sb; hear about sth/sb; hear from sb |
Word formation
| announce | announcement, (un)announced |
| belief | disbelief, believe, (un)believable, (un)believably |
| communicate | communication, (un)communicative, communicator |
| convince | convinced, (un)convincing |
| discuss | discussion |
| edit | editor, editorial, edited |
| humour | humorous, humourless |
| inform | information, (un)informed, (un)informative |
| journal | journalist, journalism, journalistic |
| politics | political(ly), politician |
| power | powerful(ly), powerless(ly), empower |
| ridicule | ridiculous(ly), ridiculousness |
| second | secondly, secondary |
| write | writer, writing, wrote, (un)written |
Exercise A
Complete using the correct form of the words in the box.
Exercise B
Circle the correct word or phrase.
Exercise C
Write one word in each gap.
Exercise D
Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words in each gap.
Her latest bestseller __________ last month.
You __________, didn't you?
The programme __________ at half past six.
The documentary didn't really __________ why the rainforests are being cut down.
I __________ in the dentist's waiting room.
I don't think we need to __________ now.
I can __________ your lies!
Exercise E
Choose the correct answer.
Exercise F
Each of the words in bold is incorrect. Rewrite them correctly.
Exercise G
Water has damaged part of this text about an announcement. Read it and decide what you think each of the original words was. Write the words in the blank spaces.
The announcement
The editor sent an e-mail (1) __________ every journalist on the news desk announcing (2) __________ there would be an emergency editorial meeting at one o'clock. I had heard (3) __________ the problems the paper was facing and I heard (4) __________ one of my colleagues that the paper might be going to close. Whatever it was, it was likely (5) __________ be bad news. At the meeting, the editor told us (6) __________ to tell anyone else yet, but the paper had been taken over by Ronald Morduck. He said he had only been informed (7) __________ the decision that morning. We were all so surprised (8) __________ the news that nobody knew what to say. I made a comment (9) __________ a colleague that it was time to start looking for a new job. The editor heard this, and finally managed to persuade us not (10) __________ quit until we had seen what changes would be made.
Exercise H
Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals when this is necessary.
Exercise I
Complete the text by changing the form of the word in capitals.
Politics on TV
I love watching (1) __________ (DISCUSS) programmes, and I love politics, so you'd think I'd enjoy watching (2) __________ (POLITICS) being interviewed on TV. But I don't. All too often, (3) __________ (JOURNAL) ask them the most (4) __________ (RIDICULE) questions, and, when they do get an interesting question, I sit there watching in (5) __________ (BELIEVE) as some of the most (6) __________ (POWER) people in the country give totally (7) __________ (CONVINCE) responses. It's as if they don't care whether their reply is (8) __________ (BELIEVE) or not. Often, they're very poor (9) __________ (COMMUNICATE), and they're frequently even more (10) __________ (INFORM) about key issues than I am. I don't expect them to be particularly (11) __________ (HUMOUR) – they are serious people, after all – but at least they could say something interesting occasionally. It makes me want to stand for election myself!
